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Clustering routing algorithm can address the problem efficiently. In this article, a grid-based reliable multi-hop routing approach for wireless sensor networks is proposed. In order to minimize and balance the energy consumption, our proposed protocol, grid-based reliable multi-hop routing protocol, optimizes the cluster head election process by combining individual ability which consists of node\u2019s residual energy and node\u2019s location, and local cognition which can balance energy consumption among clusters via a consultative mechanism based on cluster head\u2019s lifetime expectancy, while considering data forwarding delay and reliable transmission of data. Simulation results show that grid-based reliable multi-hop routing protocol has improved stability period as compared to other protocols. Meanwhile, grid-based reliable multi-hop routing protocol has better performance in energy efficiency, data forwarding delay, and reliable transmission of data. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1550147718765962","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,28]],"date-time":"2018-03-28T09:52:28Z","timestamp":1522230748000},"page":"155014771876596","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["A grid-based reliable multi-hop routing protocol for energy-efficient wireless sensor networks"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Zhansheng","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer and Information Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"},{"name":"School of Applied Science and Technology, Beijing Union University, Beijing, 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