{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T13:16:39Z","timestamp":1774444599171,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,1]],"date-time":"2018-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1541030400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"the National Key R&D Program of China","award":["2016QY06X1205"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016QY06X1205"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U153610079"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U153610079"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U1536119"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U1536119"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Wireless sensor networks face threats of selective forwarding attacks which are simple to implement but difficult to detect. It is difficult to distinguish between malicious packet dropping and the normal packet loss on unstable wireless channels. For this situation, a selective forwarding attack detection method is proposed based on adaptive learning automata and communication quality; the method can eliminate the impact of normal packet loss on selective forwarding attack detection and can detect ordinary selective forwarding attack and special cases of selective forwarding attack. The current and comprehensive communication quality of nodes are employed to reflect the short- and long-term forwarding behaviors of nodes, and the normal packet loss caused by unstable channels and medium-access-control layer collisions is considered. The adaptive reward and penalty parameters of a detection learning automata are determined by the comprehensive communication quality of the node and the voting of its neighbors to reward normal nodes or punish malicious ones. Simulation results indicate the effectiveness of the proposed method in detecting ordinary selective forwarding attacks, black-hole attacks, on-off attacks, and energy exhaustion attacks. In addition, the communication overhead of the method is lower than that of other methods. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1550147718815046","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,27]],"date-time":"2018-11-27T12:58:01Z","timestamp":1543323481000},"page":"155014771881504","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Detection of selective forwarding attacks based on adaptive learning automata and communication quality in wireless sensor networks"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Hongliang","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1969-6047","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhihua","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Information Science Academy, China Electronics Technology Group Corporation, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shoushan","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Xin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"bibr1-1550147718815046","first-page":"273","volume":"24","author":"Zhang Y","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sens Mesh Ad Hoc Commun Netw"},{"key":"bibr2-1550147718815046","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/comjnl\/bxu134"},{"key":"bibr3-1550147718815046","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compeleceng.2014.04.001"},{"key":"bibr4-1550147718815046","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SURV.2013.050113.00191"},{"key":"bibr5-1550147718815046","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2016.2526601"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr6-1550147718815046","first-page":"1","volume":"3","author":"Khan W","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Comput Netw Inf Secur"},{"key":"bibr7-1550147718815046","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s151229835"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr8-1550147718815046","first-page":"31","volume":"29","author":"Fathinavid A","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ad Hoc Sens Wirel Netw"},{"key":"bibr9-1550147718815046","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMC.2012.257"},{"key":"bibr10-1550147718815046","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2012.2196010"},{"key":"bibr11-1550147718815046","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sec.74"},{"key":"bibr12-1550147718815046","first-page":"603","volume-title":"Proceedings of the international conference on wireless and mobile computing, networking and communications","author":"Misra S"},{"key":"bibr13-1550147718815046","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wcm.946"},{"key":"bibr14-1550147718815046","first-page":"250","volume":"8","author":"Fathinavid A","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Inform Assur Secur"},{"key":"bibr15-1550147718815046","first-page":"373","volume-title":"Proceedings of the international conference on cyber-enabled distributed computing and knowledge discovery","author":"Fathinavid A"},{"key":"bibr16-1550147718815046","volume-title":"Learning automata: an introduction","author":"Narendra K","year":"1989"},{"key":"bibr17-1550147718815046","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-78831-7_12"},{"key":"bibr18-1550147718815046","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCB.2002.1049606"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr19-1550147718815046","first-page":"37","volume":"10","author":"Liu T","year":"2014","journal-title":"ACM T Sensor Netw"},{"key":"bibr20-1550147718815046","unstructured":"IEEE Standard 802.11-2016. 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