{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T03:48:58Z","timestamp":1747194538922,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,1]],"date-time":"2019-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559347200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010226","name":"department of education of guangdong province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017KZDXM052"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017KZDXM052"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"the Guangdong province applied R&D special fund for projects","award":["2016B020243011, 2016B010125001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016B020243011, 2016B010125001"]}]},{"name":"the special fund of Guangdong frontier and key technology innovation","award":["2016B010108005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016B010108005"]}]},{"name":"the Guangdong science and technology major project","award":["2017B030305004, 2016B090918110, 2015B010135006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017B030305004, 2016B090918110, 2015B010135006"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Fingerprint-based indoor localization has become one of the most attractive and promising techniques; however, one primary concern for this technology to be fully practical is to maintain the fingerprint database to combat harsh indoor environmental dynamics, especially in the large-scale and long-term deployment. In this article, focusing on three key problems now existing in fingerprint database updating approaches such as the mechanism for triggering updates, the collection of new fingerprints and determination of fingerprints\u2019 location information, we propose a fuzzy map mechanism and decision methods of neighbours\u2019 fingerprints in response to all kinds of changes in indoor environments. Meanwhile, we design a static data collecting mechanism to filter reliable information from numerous users\u2019 inputs and propose a neighbours\u2019 fingerprint-assisted technique to calculate the location of fingerprints. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed solution not only improves the performance of updating the fingerprint database in real time and robustness by 40% and 50%, respectively, but also reduces the update frequency and improves mean location accuracy by over 40%. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1550147719858512","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,21]],"date-time":"2019-06-21T11:26:06Z","timestamp":1561116366000},"page":"155014771985851","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["An efficient crowd-sourcing-based approach for fingerprint database updating"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5465-9730","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xi","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical Engineering, Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University, Guangzhou, China"},{"name":"School of Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Cen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical Engineering, Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University, Guangzhou, China"}]},{"given":"Yiju","family":"Zhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China"}]},{"given":"Chengpei","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,21]]},"reference":[{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the 10th USENIX conference on networked systems design and implementation","author":"Shen G","key":"bibr1-1550147719858512"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the 18th annual international conference on mobile computing and networking","author":"Yang 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