{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T07:51:46Z","timestamp":1761897106847,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,1]],"date-time":"2019-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1564617600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"RIBDA","award":["Internal Research Grant"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Internal Research Grant"]}]},{"name":"AI-URC","award":["KSF-P-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KSF-P-02"]}]},{"name":"XJTLU Key Programme Special Fund","award":["KSF-P-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KSF-P-02"]}]},{"name":"Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"national natural science foundation of china","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004608","name":"natural science foundation of jiangsu province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004608","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Suzhou Science and Technology Project-Key Industrial Technology Innovation","award":["SYG201841"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SYG201841"]}]},{"name":"Cernet Network Next Generation Internet Technology Innovation Project","award":["NGII20180508"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NGII20180508"]}]},{"name":"Young-aged Cadre Teacher of Jiangsu Province Qinglan talent program"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> With the continuous development of Internet of things, all kinds of smart systems are quickly evolving to make our day-to-day life smoother and safer. Like many other sectors, transportation has entered a period of rapid change. Intelligent Traffic System is one of the fastest-growing fields within the smart systems, which is expected to increase road safety, mitigate traffic congestion, and enable fuel efficiency. The main functionalities of Intelligent Traffic System are as follows: (1) monitoring real-time traffic conditions in specific areas, (2) locating traffic emergencies (i.e. traffic accidents) in specific areas, and (3) dynamic monitoring and managing the continuous use in public transit services (i.e. change in car lanes) that may lead to changes in macro traffic conditions. This article will use the above-mentioned functionalities of the Intelligent Traffic System as underlying simulative scenarios, to design and to implement a smart transportation system based on Internet of things and blockchain\u2014both share inherent distributed technology characteristics\u2014combining both Internet of things sensor nodes and distributed ledger technology, to (1) record the changes in intelligent transportation systems and (2) set up a credit-token mechanism for paying the use and misuses in public transit services accordingly. The Intelligent Traffic System described in this article is intended to be used as experimental project only, given the terms and conditions as depicted in the simulated scenario. In real-life traffic scenarios, it may generate more complex system and data security issues, which will be elaborated and analyzed at the end of this article. Intelligent Traffic System is a comprehensive smart system; it can significantly change and reinvent the wheel for traffic conditions. Based on the system development as discussed in this article, there are still a lot of demands and challenges that need to be addressed in the future. Such topic scope will be explored in depth in our subsequent research. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1550147719870653","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,21]],"date-time":"2019-08-21T02:26:48Z","timestamp":1566354408000},"page":"155014771987065","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Intelligent design and implementation of blockchain and Internet of things\u2013based traffic system"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Qilei","family":"Ren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Cunjian Technology Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5787-4716","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ka Lok","family":"Man","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AI University Research Centre (AI-URC), Research Institute of Big Data Analytics (RIBDA), and Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muqing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AXA Next Lab Asia, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bingjie","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Cunjian Technology Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jieming","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AI University Research Centre (AI-URC), Research Institute of Big Data Analytics (RIBDA), and Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr2-1550147719870653","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2019.2894944"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2016 IEEE 19th international conference on intelligent transportation systems (ITSC)","author":"Yuan Y","key":"bibr3-1550147719870653"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2018 1st IEEE international conference on hot information-centric networking (HotiCN)","author":"Zhang X","key":"bibr4-1550147719870653"},{"volume-title":"USENIX annual technical conference","author":"Ali M","key":"bibr5-1550147719870653"},{"key":"bibr6-1550147719870653","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MITP.2017.3051335"},{"key":"bibr8-1550147719870653","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2903202"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2018 IEEE 4th international conference on collaboration and internet computing (CIC)","author":"Sagirlar G","key":"bibr10-1550147719870653"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2019 international conference on platform technology and service (Platcon)","author":"Ren Q","key":"bibr11-1550147719870653"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2017 international conference on applied system innovation (ICASI)","author":"Chou YS","key":"bibr12-1550147719870653"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2018 9th IFIP international conference on new technologies, mobility and security (NTMS)","author":"Lasla N","key":"bibr13-1550147719870653"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2018 17th IEEE international conference on trust, security and privacy in computing and communications\/12th IEEE international conference on big data science and engineering (TrustCom\/BigDataSE)","author":"Malik N","key":"bibr14-1550147719870653"},{"key":"bibr15-1550147719870653","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-810441-5.00002-6"},{"journal-title":"Autonomous vehicle communication using blockchain","year":"2018","author":"Barber R","key":"bibr16-1550147719870653"},{"key":"bibr19-1550147719870653","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2019.2892009"},{"key":"bibr20-1550147719870653","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2018.2836144"},{"key":"bibr22-1550147719870653","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40854-016-0049-2"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2017 IEEE international conference on pervasive computing and communications workshops (PerCom workshops)","author":"Dorri A","key":"bibr23-1550147719870653"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2015 IEEE security and privacy workshops (SPW)","author":"Zyskind G","key":"bibr24-1550147719870653"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1550147719870653","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1550147719870653","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1550147719870653","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,20]],"date-time":"2019-09-20T19:38:42Z","timestamp":1569008322000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1550147719870653"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,20]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1550147719870653"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1550147719870653","relation":{},"ISSN":["1550-1477","1550-1477"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1550-1477"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1550-1477"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]}}}