{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T01:07:50Z","timestamp":1777943270164,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,27]],"date-time":"2018-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1524787200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Surg Innov"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Spleen in antiquity was considered by the Hippocratic medicine as a viscerous organ of spongy character, which could clear human body of the black bile. According to the Hippocratic doctrine of the 4 humors, black bile could cause a series of diseases. Both the anatomical position and shape of the spleen were also recognized. In the case of a splenic hardening, with simultaneous augmentation of its dimensions and dermal ulceration and\/or splenic abscess, some interventions were proposed. Thus, herbal medicine, phlebotomy, and minimal surgery with local cauterization were applied for treatment, to confront a disease that was considered serious but not fatal. The Hippocratic physicians encountered various spleen diseases and among them they most probably confronted a rare splenic pathological entity, named centuries later as \u201cSpetses syndrome,\u201d a rare type of thalassemia of the Spetses island of Saronikos Gulf. Although the approach seems in modern terms rather primitive, the ancient Greek medico-philosophers most likely understood the significance of the spleen.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1553350618771800","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,27]],"date-time":"2018-04-27T06:18:47Z","timestamp":1524809927000},"page":"413-416","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The Hippocratic Method of Surgical Cauterization for the Tumescence Spleen in the Rare \u201cSpetses Syndrome\u201d"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Gregory","family":"Tsoucalas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5753-1927","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Konstantinos","family":"Markatos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marianna","family":"Karamanou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Crete, Crete, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1553350618771800","volume-title":"Oeuvres compl\u00e8tes d\u2019Hippocrate","author":"Hippocrate","year":"1839"},{"key":"bibr2-1553350618771800","volume-title":"On the Structure and Use of the Spleen","author":"Hippocrates","year":"1854"},{"key":"bibr3-1553350618771800","volume-title":"Oeuvres compl\u00e8tes d\u2019Hippocrate","author":"Hippocrate","year":"1853"},{"key":"bibr4-1553350618771800","volume-title":"Oeuvres compl\u00e8tes d\u2019Hippocrate","author":"Hippocrate","year":"1853"},{"key":"bibr5-1553350618771800","volume-title":"Oeuvres compl\u00e8tes d\u2019Hippocrate","author":"Hippocrate","year":"1849"},{"key":"bibr6-1553350618771800","first-page":"58","volume":"7","author":"Pallis A.","year":"1842","journal-title":"Omodei Annali"},{"key":"bibr7-1553350618771800","volume-title":"Oeuvres compl\u00e8tes d\u2019Hippocrate","author":"Hippocrate","year":"1849"},{"key":"bibr8-1553350618771800","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1553350616628684"},{"key":"bibr9-1553350618771800","volume-title":"Collectiones Medicae","author":"Oribasius","year":"1808"},{"key":"bibr10-1553350618771800","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2016.0531"},{"key":"bibr11-1553350618771800","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1553350616674639"},{"key":"bibr12-1553350618771800","first-page":"1031","volume":"21","author":"Tsoucalas G","year":"2016","journal-title":"J BUON"},{"key":"bibr13-1553350618771800","first-page":"119","volume":"18","author":"Tsoucalas G","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vesalius"},{"key":"bibr14-1553350618771800","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.12626"}],"container-title":["Surgical Innovation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1553350618771800","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1553350618771800","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1553350618771800","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T07:20:36Z","timestamp":1777706436000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1553350618771800"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,27]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1553350618771800"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1553350618771800","relation":{},"ISSN":["1553-3506","1553-3514"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1553-3506","type":"print"},{"value":"1553-3514","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,27]]}}}