{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T01:08:05Z","timestamp":1777943285172,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,11]],"date-time":"2019-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1562803200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012245","name":"science and technology planning project of guangdong province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2014A020215037"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2014A020215037"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012245","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Surg Innov"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective. Considering the demerits of a high-definition 2-dimensional (HD-2D) system, with its lack of stereopsis, and a conventional 3-dimensional (C-3D) system, which results in a dimmed image, we have recently developed a glasses-free 3-dimensional (GF-3D) display system for reconstruction surgeries such as video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) for tracheal reconstruction. Methods. Thoracic surgeons were invited to complete thoracoscopic continuous suture of a transected porcine trachea using the HD-2D, C-3D, and GF-3D systems on separate mornings in randomized order. The duration, numbers of stitches, and distance between every 2 stitches were recorded for every procedure. The surgeons\u2019 spontaneous eye blink rate was recorded for 5 minutes before the procedure and the last 5 minutes of the procedure. Results. Fifteen volunteers successfully completed the tracheal reconstruction procedures in this study. Both C-3D (0.403 \u00b1 0.064 stitch\/min, P &lt; .001) and GF-3D (0.427 \u00b1 0.079 stitch\/min, P &lt; .001) showed significant advantages in speed compared with HD-2D (0.289 \u00b1 0.065 stitch\/min). Both C-3D (2.536 \u00b1 2.223 mm, P &lt; .001) and GF-3D (2.603 \u00b1 2.159 mm, P &lt; .001) showed significant advantages in accuracy compared with HD-2D (3.473 \u00b1 3.403 mm). Both HD-2D (1.240 \u00b1 0.642, P &lt; .001) and GF-3D (1.307 \u00b1 0.894, P &lt; .001) showed significant advantages in eye fatigue compared with C-3D (3.333 \u00b1 1.44). Conclusions. All 3 available display systems are efficient for complex VATS. With the help of stereopsis, surgeons can achieve faster operation using C-3D and GF-3D systems in a thoracoscopic simulated setting. GF-3D may be a more effective display system for VATS reconstruction in terms of speed, accuracy, and eye fatigue during operations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1553350619853136","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,12]],"date-time":"2019-07-12T01:15:32Z","timestamp":1562894132000},"page":"712-719","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Is the Glasses-Free 3-Dimensional Display System More Effective for Complex Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery? A Self-Controlled Study Ex Vivo"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Jun","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China"},{"name":"Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health (GIRH), Guangzhou, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jingpei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China"},{"name":"Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health (GIRH), Guangzhou, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou, 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China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China"},{"name":"Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health (GIRH), Guangzhou, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China"},{"name":"Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health (GIRH), Guangzhou, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guilin","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China"},{"name":"Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health (GIRH), Guangzhou, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Weizhe","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China"},{"name":"Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health (GIRH), Guangzhou, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yidong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 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