{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T11:15:54Z","timestamp":1783682154999,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768953600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006070","name":"Universidad de los Andes","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006070","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Surg Innov"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Within the competencies in education for general surgery residents, the development of Laparoscopic Surgery Skills is of the utmost importance. We evaluated the usefulness of cadavers preserved with a formaldehyde-free solution in the acquisition\/development of Skills for Laparoscopic Surgery once basic skills have been developed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is a single-center, single-blind, randomized educational intervention clinical trial. Participants took a theoretical and practical module on the acquisition of skills in laparoscopy and took a pre-test focused on intracorporeal enterorrhaphy. Subsequently, they were randomized by blocks into 3 branches continuing their training in skill acquisition models, silicone models, or Formaldehyde-free solution preserved corpses, and finally they performed a post-test. Two blind experts evaluated participants using the GOALS and OSATS scales for laparoscopic surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      N = 37 participants were obtained. No relationship was found between the branch and the results of the GOALS and OSATS tests in pre and post-test, which implies comparability between the training methods. Also, the Pillai\u2019s Trace statistical test for the MANOVA (0.95, F(12, 54) = 4.0988,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05) and (0.66, F(2, 31) = 30.18,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05) indicates that the educational level of the participant does have a statistically significant association with the results obtained in the pre- and post-test.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Education and development of laparoscopic surgery skills using cadavers preserved with the presented formaldehyde-free solution is comparable to other simulation models for the acquisition of skills in minimally invasive surgery. Also, this tool improves the learning curve in subjects with no prior experience.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15533506261418202","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T20:07:31Z","timestamp":1769026051000},"page":"383-402","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Formaldehyde-free Embalmed Cadavers as a Training Tool in a Multimodal Structured Curriculum in Laparoscopic Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5957-6261","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto J.","family":"Rueda-Esteban","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona Doctorate School"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan S.","family":"L\u00f3pez-McCormick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan Pablo","family":"\u00c1vila Madrigal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felipe","family":"Gir\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fundaci\u00f3n Santa Fe de Bogot\u00e1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan D.","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez Restrepo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fundaci\u00f3n Santa Fe de Bogot\u00e1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eduardo M.","family":"Targarona Soler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona Doctorate School"},{"name":"Santa Creu I Sant Pau Hospital, General and Digestive Surgery, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_7_2_2","unstructured":"Program ACGME Requirements for Graduate Medical Education in General Surgery approved interim revision September 3 2025; effective September 3 2025."},{"key":"e_1_3_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jrms.jrms_809_16"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/sla.0000000000000245"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00595-021-02330-5"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_3_7_6_2","first-page":"22","article-title":"100 years of surgical education: the past, present, and future","volume":"98","author":"Polavarapu HV","year":"2025","unstructured":"Polavarapu HV, Kulaylat AN, Sun S, Hamed OH. 100 years of surgical education: the past, present, and future. Bull Am Coll Surg. 2025;98(7):22. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/24010218\/. Accessed November 6, 2025.","journal-title":"Bull Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.134.11.1203"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2014.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ase.1450"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.22222"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_7_11_2","first-page":"71","article-title":"M\u00e9todo de walther thiel para la preservaci\u00f3n de cad\u00e1veres con mantenimiento de las principales propiedades f\u00edsicas del vivo","volume":"2","author":"Bertone VH","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bertone VH, Blasi E, Ottone NE, Dominguez ML. M\u00e9todo de walther thiel para la preservaci\u00f3n de cad\u00e1veres con mantenimiento de las principales propiedades f\u00edsicas del vivo. Revista Argentina de Anatom\u00eda. 2011;2(3):71-100.","journal-title":"Revista Argentina de Anatom\u00eda"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.22585"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cireng.2022.07.026"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2168.1997.02502.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_15_2","volume-title":"Global Operative Assessment of Laparoscopic Skills (GOALS)","author":"Super User","year":"2025","unstructured":"Super User. Global Operative Assessment of Laparoscopic Skills (GOALS): Cirugiaminimamenteinvasiva.es; 2025. Published. https:\/\/cirugiaminimamenteinvasiva.es\/SurgTTT-eLearning\/index.php\/es\/evaluacion\/evaluar-la-progression-del-residente\/133-global-operative-assessment-of-laparoscopic-skills-goals. 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