{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T04:39:07Z","timestamp":1783485547279,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7-8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,22]],"date-time":"2016-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1463875200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Games and Culture"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This study investigates the effects of media frames on attitudes toward video games, perceptions of their users, and consequences. Prior research has shown that gaming is a controversial issue, with media coverage focusing on either risks or opportunities. To examine the effects of these portrayals, the present study used a 2 \u00d7 2 experimental design and exposed participants ( N = 360) to a news article that framed gaming in terms of risk or opportunity on the journalistic level and on the level of a corresponding expert statement. By examining the perceived negative effects of games, this study extends previous research by combining framing and third-person research. Results showed that framing gaming indeed had an effect on participants\u2019 attitudes. This framing effect was moderated by individual video game use. Despite identifying a traditional third-person perception regarding negative video game effects, we found framing to have no significant influence on third-person perceptions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1555412015578264","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,8]],"date-time":"2015-04-08T21:02:55Z","timestamp":1428526975000},"page":"720-744","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Framing Gaming"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Anna Sophie","family":"K\u00fcmpel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Communication Studies and Media Research, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Haas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Communication Studies and Media Research, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0002764209332555"},{"key":"bibr2-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0002764208321349"},{"key":"bibr3-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15456870.2013.823967"},{"key":"bibr4-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/0162-895X.00225"},{"key":"bibr5-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9221.2005.00451.x"},{"key":"bibr6-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ijpor\/8.2.142"},{"key":"bibr7-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/269092"},{"key":"bibr8-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0093650208315964"},{"key":"bibr9-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/268763"},{"key":"bibr10-1555412015578264","first-page":"361","volume":"3","author":"De Vreese C. H.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Communications"},{"key":"bibr11-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-5965.2009.01812.x"},{"key":"bibr12-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1015006907312"},{"key":"bibr13-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511921452.004"},{"key":"bibr14-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-2466.1993.tb01304.x"},{"key":"bibr15-1555412015578264","first-page":"175","volume-title":"The handbook of journalism studies","author":"Entman R. M.","year":"2009"},{"key":"bibr16-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2110923"},{"key":"bibr17-1555412015578264","unstructured":"ESA. (2013). Essential facts about the computer and video game industry. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.isfe.eu\/sites\/isfe.eu\/files\/attachments\/esa_ef_2013.pdf"},{"key":"bibr18-1555412015578264","unstructured":"Ferguson C. J. (2014). How journalists contribute to moral panics. Huffington Post. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.com\/christopher-j-ferguson\/how-journalists-contribut_b_6213190.html"},{"key":"bibr19-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/229213"},{"key":"bibr20-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-2466.1995.tb00712.x"},{"key":"bibr21-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107769909307000107"},{"key":"bibr22-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/009365099026006004"},{"key":"bibr23-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-2466.2001.tb02881.x"},{"key":"bibr24-1555412015578264","unstructured":"IfD Allensbach. (2013). Allensbacher Computer-und Technik-Analyse, ACTA 2013. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.ifd-allensbach.de\/acta\/"},{"key":"bibr25-1555412015578264","unstructured":"Ipsos MediaCT. (2012). Videogames in Europe: Consumer study (European summary report). Retrieved from http:\/\/www.isfe.eu\/sites\/isfe.eu\/files\/attachments\/euro_summary_-_isfe_consumer_study.pdf"},{"key":"bibr26-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08934210902798536"},{"key":"bibr27-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/S15324834BASP2201_3"},{"key":"bibr28-1555412015578264","first-page":"111","volume-title":"Clash of realities 2010: Computerspiele: Medien und mehr","author":"J\u00f6ckel S.","year":"2010"},{"key":"bibr29-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1467-9221.2003.00356.x"},{"key":"bibr30-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.39.4.341"},{"key":"bibr31-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0270467612469078"},{"key":"bibr32-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kowert R., Oldmeadow J. (2012). The stereotype of online gamers: New characterization or recycled prototype? (pp. 1\u201313). Paper presented at the Nordic DiGRA: Games in Culture and Society, Tampere. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.digra.org\/dl\/db\/12168.23066.pdf","DOI":"10.26503\/dl.v2012i1.616"},{"key":"bibr33-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-2466.2011.01580.x"},{"key":"bibr34-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0093650209333028"},{"key":"bibr35-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15506878jobem4601_2"},{"key":"bibr36-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0002764211426324"},{"key":"bibr37-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-2466.1999.tb02802.x"},{"key":"bibr38-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0093650205281059"},{"key":"bibr39-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1753-9137.2009.01040.x"},{"key":"bibr40-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2960149"},{"key":"bibr41-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2952075"},{"key":"bibr42-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/S15327825MCS0301_04"},{"key":"bibr43-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ijpor\/8.2.163"},{"key":"bibr44-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/S1532785XMEP0303_01"},{"key":"bibr45-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327825mcs0903_1"},{"key":"bibr46-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/152263790300500201"},{"key":"bibr47-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-2466.2011.01541.x"},{"key":"bibr48-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15205436.2011.616278"},{"key":"bibr49-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0267323106060987"},{"key":"bibr50-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-4560.1994.tb01196.x"},{"key":"bibr51-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcc4.12061"},{"key":"bibr52-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15506878jobem4701_4"},{"key":"bibr53-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-2466.2008.00385.x"},{"key":"bibr54-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107769900007700406"},{"key":"bibr55-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1369118032000163240"},{"key":"bibr54a-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0093650210365536"},{"key":"bibr56-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107769900107800204"},{"key":"bibr57-1555412015578264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1083-6101.2009.01441.x"}],"container-title":["Games and Culture"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1555412015578264","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1555412015578264","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1555412015578264","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T06:32:56Z","timestamp":1777444376000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1555412015578264"}},"subtitle":["The Effects of Media Frames on Perceptions of Game(r)s"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,22]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7-8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1555412015578264"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1555412015578264","relation":{},"ISSN":["1555-4120","1555-4139"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1555-4120","type":"print"},{"value":"1555-4139","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,22]]}}}