{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T19:43:40Z","timestamp":1788637420787,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745366400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["HSS Journal\u00ae: The Musculoskeletal Journal of Hospital for Special Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Background:<\/jats:italic>\n                    Tendinopathies affecting the hip and pelvis include proximal hamstring tendinopathy (PHT), gluteal tendinopathy (greater trochanteric pain syndrome [GTPS]), and calcific tendinopathy (CT). Extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) is a noninvasive treatment described for the management of lower-extremity tendinopathies.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Purpose<\/jats:italic>\n                    : We sought to synthesize the evidence on ESWT used in the treatment of hip\/pelvis tendinopathies, including protocols, outcomes, and safety.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Methods<\/jats:italic>\n                    : A comprehensive search of PubMed\/Medline, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases was performed on November 1, 2024, for studies reporting ESWT data for hip\/pelvis tendinopathies. Study design, population, and ESWT-related data (protocols, outcomes, and safety) were extracted.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Results<\/jats:italic>\n                    : Eighteen studies were included; 9 reported on GTPS, 7 on CT, and 5 on PHT. Most ESWT protocols (72% [n\u2009=\u200913]) implemented 3 to 4 weekly sessions and delivered 2000 to 3000 pulses\/session (83% [n\u2009=\u200915]). Eleven studies used radial ESWT and 7 used focused ESWT. ESWT significantly improved pain and functional outcomes for GTPS, CT, and PHT in 17 level-I to level-V studies; only 1 level-V study showed no improvement. Six studies showed superior outcomes post-ESWT vs conservative treatment (PHT\/GTPS), sham ESWT (GTPS), ultrasound therapy (GTPS\/CT), or corticosteroid injection (GTPS). One study showed comparable outcomes between ESWT and eccentric exercise (GTPS). Two studies reported no outcome differences between radial ESWT and \u201cminimal-dose\u201d ESWT (GTPS) or combined ESWT (PHT). All studies assessing pain showed improvement from 0.5 to 27\u2009months post-ESWT. Six of 18 studies reported adverse events, including increased pain and skin irritation (overall rate: 12% [n\u2009=\u200965\/557]).\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Conclusions<\/jats:italic>\n                    : The results of this systematic review suggest that ESWT may be safe and effective for hip\/pelvis tendinopathies. Future research using validated outcome measures and ESWT parameters will aid in treatment optimization.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/15563316251332189","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T03:19:22Z","timestamp":1745378362000},"page":"197-207","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy for Tendinopathies Around the Hip and Pelvis: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Olivia R.","family":"Rau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8458-619X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8707-4859","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bridget","family":"Jivanelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kim Barrett Memorial Library, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam S.","family":"Tenforde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Cambridge, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James F.","family":"Wyss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Argyropoulos AN Tolley DA. Optimizing shock wave lithotripsy in the 21st century. Eur Urol. 2007;52(2):344-352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eururo.2007.04.066","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2007.04.066"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cacchio A Rompe JD Furia JP et al. Shockwave therapy for the treatment of chronic proximal hamstring tendinopathy in professional athletes. Am J Sports Med. 2011;39(1):146-153. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0363546510379324","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546510379324"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Carlisi E Cecini M Di Natali G et al. Focused extracorporeal shock wave therapy for greater trochanteric pain syndrome with gluteal tendinopathy: a randomized controlled trial. Clin Rehabil. 2019;33(4):670-680. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0269215518819255","DOI":"10.1177\/0269215518819255"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"d\u2019Agostino MC Craig K Tibalt E Respizzi S. Shock wave as biological therapeutic tool: from mechanical stimulation to recovery and healing through mechanotransduction. Int J Surg. 2015;24(Pt B):147-153. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijsu.2015.11.030","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2015.11.030"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"De la Corte-Rodr\u00edguez H Rom\u00e1n-Belmonte JM Rodr\u00edguez-Damiani BA V\u00e1zquez-Sasot A Rodr\u00edguez-Merch\u00e1n EC. Extracorporeal shock wave therapy for the treatment of musculoskeletal pain: a narrative review. Healthcare (Basel). 2023;11(21). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/healthcare11212830","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare11212830"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dizon P Jeanfavre M Leff G Norton R. Comparison of conservative interventions for proximal hamstring tendinopathy: a systematic review and recommendations for rehabilitation. Sports (Basel). 2023;11(3). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/sports11030053","DOI":"10.3390\/sports11030053"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","first-page":"300","article-title":"How do tendons adapt? Going beyond tissue responses to understand positive adaptation and pathology development: a narrative review","volume":"19","author":"Docking SI","year":"2019","unstructured":"Docking SI, Cook J. How do tendons adapt? Going beyond tissue responses to understand positive adaptation and pathology development: a narrative review. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact. 2019;19(3):300-310.","journal-title":"J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Elgendy MH Khalil SE ElMeligie MM Elazab DR. Effectiveness of extracorporeal shockwave therapy in treatment of upper and lower limb tendinopathies: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Physiother Res Int. 2024;29(1):e2042. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pri.2042","DOI":"10.1002\/pri.2042"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Furia JP Rompe JD Maffulli N. Low-energy extracorporeal shock wave therapy as a treatment for greater trochanteric pain syndrome. Am J Sports Med. 2009;37(9):1806-1813. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0363546509333014","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546509333014"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gazendam A Ekhtiari S Axelrod D et al. Comparative efficacy of nonoperative treatments for greater trochanteric pain syndrome: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Clin J Sport Med. 2022;32(4):427-432. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/jsm.0000000000000924","DOI":"10.1097\/JSM.0000000000000924"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Haupt G Haupt A Ekkernkamp A Gerety B Chvapil M. Influence of shock waves on fracture healing. Urology. 1992;39(6):529-532. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0090-4295(92)90009-l","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-4295(92)90009-L"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hausdorf J Lemmens MA Heck KD et al. Selective loss of unmyelinated nerve fibers after extracorporeal shockwave application to the musculoskeletal system. Neuroscience. 2008;155(1):138-144. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2008.03.062","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2008.03.062"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hayano T Blauwet CA Tenforde AS. Management of hamstring pain in an elite female para-swimming athlete using radial shockwave therapy: a case report. PM R. 2021;13(12):1435-1436. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pmrj.12482","DOI":"10.1002\/pmrj.12482"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Heaver C Pinches M Kuiper JH et al. (2023) Greater trochanteric pain syndrome: focused shockwave therapy versus an ultrasound guided injection: a randomised control trial. Hip Int. 2023;33(3):490-499. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/11207000211060396","DOI":"10.1177\/11207000211060396"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","first-page":"205","article-title":"Assessing risk of bias in a randomized trial","volume":"2019","author":"Higgins JP","unstructured":"Higgins JP, Savovi\u0107 J, Page MJ, Elbers RG, Sterne JA. Assessing risk of bias in a randomized trial. In: Julian PTH, James T, Jacqueline C, Miranda C, Tianjing L, Matthew JP, Vivian AW, eds. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. The Cochrane Collaboration; 2019:205-228.","journal-title":"Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jo H Kim G Baek S Park HW. Calcific tendinopathy of the gluteus medius mimicking lumbar radicular pain successfully treated with barbotage: a case report. Ann Rehabil Med. 2016;40(2):368-372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5535\/arm.2016.40.2.368","DOI":"10.5535\/arm.2016.40.2.368"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kandemir U Bharam S Philippon MJ Fu FH. Endoscopic treatment of calcific tendinitis of gluteus medius and minimus. Arthroscopy. 2003;19(1):E4. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/jars.2003.50021","DOI":"10.1053\/jars.2003.50021"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Korakakis V Whiteley R Tzavara A Malliaropoulos N. The effectiveness of extracorporeal shockwave therapy in common lower limb conditions: a systematic review including quantification of patient-rated pain reduction. Br J Sports Med. 2018;52(6):387-407. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjsports-2016-097347","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2016-097347"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ladurner A Fitzpatrick J O\u2019Donnell JM. Treatment of gluteal tendinopathy: a systematic review and stage-adjusted treatment recommendation. Orthop J Sports Med. 2021;9(7):23259671211016850. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/23259671211016850","DOI":"10.1177\/23259671211016850"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee CH Oh MK Yoo JI. Ultrasonographic evaluation of the effect of extracorporeal shock wave therapy on calcific tendinopathy of the rectus femoris tendon: a case report. World J Clin Cases. 2019;7(22):3772-3777. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12998\/wjcc.v7.i22.3772","DOI":"10.12998\/wjcc.v7.i22.3772"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lou J Wang S Liu S Xing G. Effectiveness of extracorporeal shock wave therapy without local anesthesia in patients with recalcitrant plantar fasciitis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2017;96(8):529-534. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/phm.0000000000000666","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0000000000000666"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Majidi L Khateri S Nikbakht N Moradi Y Nikoo MR. The effect of extracorporeal shock-wave therapy on pain in patients with various tendinopathies: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized control trials. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2024;16(1):93. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13102-024-00884-8","DOI":"10.1186\/s13102-024-00884-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mani-Babu S Morrissey D Waugh C Screen H Barton C. The effectiveness of extracorporeal shock wave therapy in lower limb tendinopathy: a systematic review. Am J Sports Med. 2015;43(3):752-761. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0363546514531911","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546514531911"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mitchkash M Robinson D Tenforde AS. Efficacy of extracorporeal pulse-activated therapy in the management of lower-extremity running-related injuries: findings from a large case cohort. J Foot Ankle Surg. 2020;59(4):795-800. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.jfas.2020.02.008","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2020.02.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moya D Ram\u00f3n S Schaden W et al. (2018) The role of extracorporeal shockwave treatment in musculoskeletal disorders. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 100(3):251-263. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/jbjs.17.00661","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.17.00661"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Munn Z Barker TH Moola S et al. Methodological quality of case series studies: an introduction to the jbi critical appraisal tool. JBI Evid Synth. 2020;18(10):2127-2133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11124\/jbisrir-d-19-00099","DOI":"10.11124\/JBISRIR-D-19-00099"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nasser AM Vicenzino B Grimaldi A Anderson J Semciw AI. Proximal hamstring tendinopathy: a systematic review of interventions. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2021;16(2):288-305. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.26603\/001c.21250","DOI":"10.26603\/001c.21250"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nazim BTYT Seow D Vig KS. Extracorporeal shockwave therapy for foot and ankle disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc. 2022;112(3):18-191. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7547\/18-191","DOI":"10.7547\/18-191"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Notarnicola A Ladisa I Lanzilotta P et al. Shock waves and therapeutic exercise in greater trochanteric pain syndrome: a prospective randomized clinical trial with cross-over. J Pers Med. 2023;13(6):976. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jpm13060976","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm13060976"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Oh KJ Yoon JR Shin DS Yang JH. Extracorporeal shock wave therapy for calcific tendinitis at unusual sites around the hip. Orthopedics. 2010;33(10):769. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3928\/01477447-20100826-30","DOI":"10.3928\/01477447-20100826-30"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Park SM Baek JH Ko YB et al. Management of acute calcific tendinitis around the hip joint. Am J Sports Med. 2014;42(11):2659-2665. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0363546514545857","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546514545857"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pianka MA Serino J DeFroda SF Bodendorfer BM. Greater trochanteric pain syndrome: evaluation and management of a wide spectrum of pathology. SAGE Open Med. 2021;9:20503121211022582. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/20503121211022582","DOI":"10.1177\/20503121211022582"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ramon S Russo S Santoboni F et al. Focused shockwave treatment for greater trochanteric pain syndrome: a multicenter randomized controlled clinical trial. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2020;102(15):1305-1311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/jbjs.20.00093","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.20.00093"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Reilly JM Bluman E Tenforde AS. Effect of shockwave treatment for management of upper and lower extremity musculoskeletal conditions: a narrative review. Pm r. 2018;10(12):1385-1403. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pmrj.2018.05.007","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmrj.2018.05.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Reilly JM Tenforde AS. The role of extracorporeal shockwave therapy in return to competition for endurance runners: two case reports. Pm r. 2020;12(5):516-517. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pmrj.12241","DOI":"10.1002\/pmrj.12241"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rhim HC Shin J Beling A et al. Extracorporeal shockwave therapy for greater trochanteric pain syndrome: a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. JBJS Rev. 2024;12(8):e24.00091. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/jbjs.Rvw.24.00091","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.RVW.24.00091"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rhim HC Shin J Kang J et al. Use of extracorporeal shockwave therapies for athletes and physically active individuals: a systematic review. Br J Sports Med. 2024;58(3):154-163. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjsports-2023-107567","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2023-107567"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rompe JD Kirkpatrick CJ K\u00fcllmer K Schwitalle M Krischek O. Dose-related effects of shock waves on rabbit tendo achillis. A sonographic and histological study. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1998;80(3):546-552. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1302\/0301-620x.80b3.8434","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.80B3.0800546"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rompe JD Segal NA Cacchio A et al. Home training local corticosteroid injection or radial shock wave therapy for greater trochanter pain syndrome. Am J Sports Med. 2009;37(10):1981-1990. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0363546509334374","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546509334374"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Saran S Babhulkar JA Gupta H Chari B. Imaging of calcific tendinopathy: natural history migration patterns pitfalls and management: a review. Br J Radiol. 2024;97(1158):1099-1111. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bjr\/tqae039","DOI":"10.1093\/bjr\/tqae039"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","article-title":"Radial extracorporeal shockwave therapy in the treatment of gluteus medius calcific tendinopathy","volume":"29","author":"Savevska CG","year":"2018","unstructured":"Savevska CG, Dimitrova EN, Koevska V, et al. Radial extracorporeal shockwave therapy in the treatment of gluteus medius calcific tendinopathy. Osteoporos Int. 2018;29(Suppl 1):S229.","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Seo KH Lee JY Yoon K et al. Long-term outcome of low-energy extracorporeal shockwave therapy on gluteal tendinopathy documented by magnetic resonance imaging. PLoS One. 2018;13(7):e0197460. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0197460","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0197460"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Simplicio CL Purita J Murrell W et al. Extracorporeal shock wave therapy mechanisms in musculoskeletal regenerative medicine. J Clin Orthop Trauma. 2020;11(Suppl 3):S309-S318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcot.2020.02.004","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2020.02.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang CJ Yang YJ Huang CC. The effects of shockwave on systemic concentrations of nitric oxide level angiogenesis and osteogenesis factors in hip necrosis. Rheumatol Int. 2011;31(7):871-877. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00296-010-1384-7","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-010-1384-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Waugh CM Morrissey D Jones E et al. In vivo biological response to extracorporeal shockwave therapy in human tendinopathy. Eur Cell Mater. 2015;29:268-280; discussion 280. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.22203\/ecm.v029a20","DOI":"10.22203\/eCM.v029a20"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Weihs AM Fuchs C Teuschl AH et al. Shock wave treatment enhances cell proliferation and improves wound healing by atp release-coupled extracellular signal-regulated kinase (erk) activation. J Biol Chem. 2014;289(39):27090-27104. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1074\/jbc.M114.580936","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M114.580936"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","unstructured":"Wells GA Shea B O\u2019Connell D et al. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomised studies in meta-analyses. Available at: http:\/\/www.ohri.ca\/programs\/clinical_epidemiology\/oxford.asp. Accessed October 15 2018."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wheeler PC Dudson C Calver R et al. Three sessions of radial extracorporeal shockwave therapy gives no additional benefit over \u201cminimal-dose\u201d radial extracorporeal shockwave therapy for patients with chronic greater trochanteric pain syndrome: a double-blinded randomized controlled trial. Clin J Sport Med. 2022;32(1):e7-e18. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/jsm.0000000000000880","DOI":"10.1097\/JSM.0000000000000880"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ya\u011fc\u0131 HC Ya\u011fc\u0131 \u0130 Ba\u011fc\u0131er F. Comparison of shock wave therapy and corticosteroid injection in the treatment of greater trochanteric pain syndrome: a single-blind randomized study. Turk J Phys Med Rehabil. 2023;69(2):180-187. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5606\/tftrd.2023.12106","DOI":"10.5606\/tftrd.2023.12106"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yun PH DeLuca S Robinson D et al. Radial versus combined shockwave therapy in the management of proximal hamstring tendinopathy: similar functional outcomes in running cohort. Muscles Ligaments Tendons J. 2021;11(4):742-748. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.32098\/mltj.04.2021.18","DOI":"10.32098\/mltj.04.2021.18"}],"container-title":["HSS Journal\u00ae: The Musculoskeletal Journal of Hospital for Special Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15563316251332189","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/15563316251332189","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15563316251332189","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T08:43:29Z","timestamp":1777452209000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/15563316251332189"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/15563316251332189"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/15563316251332189","relation":{},"ISSN":["1556-3316","1556-3324"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1556-3316","type":"print"},{"value":"1556-3324","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]]}}}