{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T05:06:06Z","timestamp":1779167166602,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]],"date-time":"2025-12-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767052800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]],"date-time":"2025-12-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767052800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["HSS Journal\u00ae: The Musculoskeletal Journal of Hospital for Special Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Acute compartment syndrome (ACS) is a limb-threatening complication of pediatric tibial tubercle fractures. Despite its severity, the incidence of ACS in pediatric cases has been largely unexplored.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We sought to examine the incidence and risk factors of ACS and associated fasciotomies in pediatric patients with tibial tubercle fractures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We conducted a retrospective cohort study using data from the Pediatric Health Information System, a comprehensive inpatient and outpatient nationwide database. Inclusion criteria specified patients 18\u2009years of age or younger with tibial tubercle fracture (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">International Classification of Disease, 10th Revision<\/jats:italic>\n                      (ICD-10) diagnosis code, S82.151-156) between October 1, 2015, and June 30, 2023. Exclusion criteria were patients with a positive hematologic or immunologic flag and patients with a positive congenital or genetic defect flag. Patients with tibial tubercle fractures were stratified into 3 categories: (1) patients with a diagnosis code for ACS and\/or a fasciotomy procedure code; (2) patients with a diagnosis code for ACS and a fasciotomy code; and (3) patients exclusively with a fasciotomy procedure code.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of the 6830 included patients with tibial tubercle fractures, 4% had a code for ACS and\/or fasciotomy, 1% had a code for ACS and a procedure code for fasciotomy, and 2.9% had a code for fasciotomy only. Univariate analysis revealed that older and male patients had higher rates of ACS and fasciotomies without any corresponding diagnosis of ACS, compared to their counterparts; White patients had higher rates of ACS than patients of other races. Multivariate analysis showed that age was the only significant predictor of ACS across all groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective database study suggests that ACS is a rare complication of pediatric tibial tubercle fractures and that fasciotomies without any evidence of ACS\u2014interpreted as prophylactic fasciotomies\u2014occur at a higher rate than formally diagnosed ACS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Level IV: Retrospective Cohort Study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15563316251404023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T07:17:21Z","timestamp":1767165441000},"page":"257-262","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Assessing the Rate and Risk Factors of Compartment Syndrome in Pediatric Tibial Tubercle Fractures"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-9819-367X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alex","family":"Youn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abbott","family":"Gifford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ishaan","family":"Swarup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chow SP Lam JJ Leong JC. 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