{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T15:34:44Z","timestamp":1793892884176,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789948800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["HSS Journal\u00ae: The Musculoskeletal Journal of Hospital for Special Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>As the most mobile joint in the body, the shoulder is prone to both macro- and micro-instability. Throwing a baseball overhead requires a complex synchronization of the anterior and posterior stabilizers of the shoulder. Injuries to the anterior shoulder can be particularly devastating to an overhead athlete because the throwing motion requires significant external rotation and a sudden and powerful transition to internal rotation, to generate force and velocity. Multiple structures in the anterior shoulder are notable when injured in an overhead athlete; these include the subscapularis, the anterior capsule, and the labrum. Injuries can occur on a spectrum, from gradual laxity and microinstability to traumatic laxity and gross instability. This review article review the management of injuries to these commonly injured anterior shoulder structures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Level of Evidence:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Expert opinion: Level V.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/15563316261481831","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T07:58:46Z","timestamp":1789977526000},"page":"564-566","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Anterior Shoulder in the Overhead Athlete: Beyond the SLAP Lesion"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-5026-5760","authenticated-orcid":false,"suffix":"II","given":"James B.","family":"Carr","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"TMI Sports Medicine &amp; Orthopedic Surgery, Arlington, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"291","key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","first-page":"107","article-title":"The diagnosis and treatment of anterior instability in the throwing athlete","volume":"1993","author":"Kvitne RS","year":"1993","unstructured":"Kvitne RS, Jobe FW. The diagnosis and treatment of anterior instability in the throwing athlete. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1993;1993(291):107-123.","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jobe FW Giangarra CE Kvitne RS Glousman RE. Anterior capsulolabral reconstruction of the shoulder in athletes in overhand sports. Am J Sports Med. 1991;19(5):428-434. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/036354659101900502","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659101900502"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jones KJ Kahlenberg CA Dodson CC Nam D Williams RJ Altchek DW. Arthroscopic capsular plication for microtraumatic anterior shoulder instability in overhead athletes. Am J Sports Med. 2012;40(9):2009-2014. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0363546512453299","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546512453299"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gulotta LV Lobatto D Delos D Coleman SH Altchek DW. Anterior shoulder capsular tears in professional baseball players. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2014;23(8):e173-e178. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jse.2013.11.027","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2013.11.027"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Uffmann WJ ElAttrache NS Youssefzadeh K Carbone A Limpisvasti O. Return to sport after arthroscopic capsular repair in elite baseball players. Orthop J Sports Med. 2023;11(2):23259671231153142. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/23259671231153142","DOI":"10.1177\/23259671231153142"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chalmers PN Erickson BJ D\u2019Angelo J Ma K Romeo AA. Epidemiology of shoulder surgery among professional baseball players. Am J Sports Med. 2019;47(5):1068-1073. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0363546519832525","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546519832525"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lynch TS Polster J Soloff L et al. Throwing-related injuries of the subscapularis in professional baseball players. Orthop J Sports Med. 2015;3(7):2325967115S00160. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2325967115S00160","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967115S00160"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Komatsu S Nagashima M Kaneko H. Characteristics of subscapularis muscle strain in professional baseball players: a case series. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2024;33(1):32-37. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jse.2023.05.036","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2023.05.036"}],"container-title":["HSS Journal\u00ae: The Musculoskeletal Journal of Hospital for Special Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15563316261481831","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/15563316261481831","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15563316261481831","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T15:16:57Z","timestamp":1793891817000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/15563316261481831"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/15563316261481831"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/15563316261481831","relation":{},"ISSN":["1556-3316","1556-3324"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1556-3316","type":"print"},{"value":"1556-3324","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]]}}}