{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T22:29:37Z","timestamp":1791325777991,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766361600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Breastfeeding Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]},"abstract":"\n Background:<\/jats:title>\n \n Diaper dermatitis (DD) is a very common problem in infants between 1 and 6 months. While it rarely causes long-lasting problems, it can cause serious short-term problems for both infants and parents. Accordingly, this study compared the effect of breast milk and diaper rash cream containing\n Hamamelis virginiana<\/jats:italic>\n (12 mg\/100 g) on the healing process in 0\u20136 month-old infants with DD.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:title>\n \n This randomized, single-blinded trial was conducted with 60 infants aged 0\u20136 months diagnosed with DD. Participants were assigned to either the breast milk group (BG) or the comparison group (CG) receiving\n Hamamelis virginiana<\/jats:italic>\n cream. Demographic characteristics and DD severity were assessed using a structured demographic questionnaire and the validated Assessment of the Severity of Uncomplicated DD in Infants Scale. Statistical analyses included Shapiro\u2013Wilk, Mann\u2013Whitney\n U<\/jats:italic>\n , Wilcoxon signed rank, Chi-square, and Fisher\u2019s exact tests. Significance was set at\n p<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.05.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n Before the intervention, the mean scale score was 5.17\u2009\u00b1\u20090.46 in the BG, 2.83\u2009\u00b1\u20091.37 in the CG, which was a statistically significant difference. After the intervention, there was a significant decrease in the mean scale score in the BG to 0.03\u2009\u00b1\u20090.18, whereas the mean decrease was smaller in the CG (1.53\u2009\u00b1\u20091.11). The difference in the mean scale scores between the groups was statistically significant (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001). Furthermore, the postintervention mean scale score of the BG was significantly lower than that of the CG. However, baseline severity differences limit direct comparison of treatment efficacy.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n \n Topically applied breast milk appears to be a safe, accessible, and cost-effective option for treating uncomplicated DD, with greater improvement than cream containing\n Hamamelis virginiana<\/jats:italic>\n . However, baseline severity differences limit direct comparison. Further studies using block randomization are recommended.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15568253251406258","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]],"date-time":"2025-12-30T10:16:47Z","timestamp":1767089807000},"page":"258-264","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Comparison of the Effects of Breast Milk and\n Hamamelis virginiana<\/i>\n (Witch Hazel) on the Healing of Diaper Dermatitis in Infants: A Randomized Trial"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"D\u00f6nd\u00fc","family":"Sevimli G\u00fcler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sakarya University of Applied Sciences, Sakarya, T\u00fcrkiye."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G\u00fcl\u015fen","family":"Vural","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, At\u0131l\u0131m Un\u0131vers\u0131ty, Ankara, T\u00fcrkiye."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zekiye","family":"Turan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sakarya University, Sakarya, T\u00fcrkiye."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filiz","family":"\u00dcnal Toprak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Midwifery, Gulhane Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, T\u00fcrkiye."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hacer Efnan","family":"Melek Arsoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, Sakarya, T\u00fcrkiye."},{"name":"Department of Child Health and Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, Sakarya, T\u00fcrkiye."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ANC.0000000000000682"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.13484"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2013.11.009"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_6_5_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"A review study of diaper rash dermatitis treatments","volume":"4","author":"Sharifi-Heris Z","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sharifi-Heris Z, , Amiri-Farahani L, , Hasanpoor-Azghadi SB. A review study of diaper rash dermatitis treatments. J Client Cent Nurs Care, 2018; 4(1):1\u201312.","journal-title":"J Client Cent Nurs Care"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.14047"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2022.21022"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.12988"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dth.12731"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.19569"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.19125"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/0090-4481-20060201-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.TEB.2020.0236"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jbcr\/iraa003"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2416112"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13555-024-01320-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.12168"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.12764"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.13495"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4081\/dr.2017.7044"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/4578153"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.12118"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtv.2024.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2024.01.009"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_6_25_2","first-page":"221","article-title":"Topical breast milk vs. barrier cream for diaper dermatitis healing","volume":"31","author":"Badawy GG","year":"2023","unstructured":"Badawy GG, et al. Topical breast milk vs. barrier cream for diaper dermatitis healing. Tanta Sci Nurs J, 2023; 31(4):221\u2013238.","journal-title":"Tanta Sci Nurs J"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_6_26_2","first-page":"53","article-title":"Prevalence of diaper rash and associated factorsamong babies aged 0 to 24 months in Adama Administrative City, Central Ethiopia: Across sectional study","volume":"20","author":"Jewaro S","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jewaro S, , Mariam YG, , Ali B. Prevalence of diaper rash and associated factorsamong babies aged 0 to 24 months in Adama Administrative City, Central Ethiopia: Across sectional study. Afr J Med Health Sci, 2021; 20(5):53\u201361.","journal-title":"Afr J Med Health Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnn.2024.01.009"}],"container-title":["Breastfeeding Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15568253251406258","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/15568253251406258","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15568253251406258","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T11:19:27Z","timestamp":1787051967000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/15568253251406258"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/15568253251406258"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/15568253251406258","relation":{},"ISSN":["1556-8253","1556-8342"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1556-8253","type":"print"},{"value":"1556-8342","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]]}}}