{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T20:13:26Z","timestamp":1790712806272,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790553600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Breastfeeding Medicine"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Very preterm infants often require supplementary oral feeding while direct breastfeeding skills mature. We compared short-term feeding performance and suck-swallow-breath coordination (SSBC) across three oral feeding methods.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In this prospective within-infant study, 30 clinically stable infants born at &lt;32 weeks\u2019 gestation were evaluated at \u226534 weeks\u2019 corrected gestational age. Each infant underwent three routinely scheduled feeds approximately 3 hours apart: direct breastfeeding, syringe-assisted finger feeding, and feeding with one specific slow-flow NaturalWave\n                      <jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\n                      bottle. Feeding order was systematically counterbalanced. SSBC was assessed during standardized 2-minute NeoSAFE recordings. Milk transfer, achievement of prescribed feeding volume, duration, spillage, and physiological observations were recorded.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Exploratory analyses detected no statistically significant differences in NeoSAFE-derived SSBC parameters. Apnea events were infrequent; no statistically significant pairwise differences were detected for apnea or desaturation. The full prescribed volume was achieved in 2\/30 breastfeeding sessions and 28\/30 sessions with each supplementary method. Breastfeeding had lower measured milk transfer and the least spillage. The bottle and syringe-assisted finger feeding each achieved the full prescribed volume in 28\/30 sessions; the bottle showed numerically faster intake than syringe-assisted finger feeding without a statistically significant difference. Heart rate differences were observed between methods, but their clinical significance was uncertain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The methods differed in short-term volume-delivery characteristics. Absence of statistically significant SSBC differences does not establish equivalence. Bottle findings are product-specific and do not address breastfeeding initiation, exclusivity, or duration. Randomized trials are needed to evaluate long-term breastfeeding outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15568253261492467","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T07:53:13Z","timestamp":1790581993000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Breastfeeding and Supplementary Oral Feeding Methods in Very Preterm Infants: A Prospective Within-Infant Comparison"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"given":"Ay\u015fe G\u00f6k\u00e7e","family":"Kutsal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, T\u00fcrkiye."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0037-7145","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nilg\u00fcn","family":"Altunta\u015f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m Beyaz\u0131t University, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)00878-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_3_1","unstructured":"2.World Health Organization. Preterm birth. World Health Organization: Geneva; 2023. Available from: https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/preterm-birth [Last accessed: March30 2026]."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)60136-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2015-309581"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)01024-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2022-057988"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_8_1","unstructured":"7.World Health Organization. Infant and young child feeding. World Health Organization: Geneva; 2023. Available from: https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/infant-and-young-child-feeding [Last accessed: March30 2026]."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003519.pub4"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1891\/0730-0832.32.6.404"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1941406411421003"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000381361"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mpd.2003.mpd0312"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S001216220600123X"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jep.12721"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/bfm.2020.0043"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/bfm.2023.0069"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD005252.pub5"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnn.2014.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10030376"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0214091"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1552-6909.1994.tb01847.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0266-6138(88)80071-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0104-11692013000700018"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/bfm.2014.0018"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/bfm.2014.0042"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41430-024-01471-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005176-199001000-00012"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/bfm.2024.0243"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13052-025-01867-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/089033440001600105"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jpn3.70295"}],"container-title":["Breastfeeding Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15568253261492467","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/15568253261492467","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15568253261492467","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T19:46:23Z","timestamp":1790711183000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/15568253261492467"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]]},"references-count":31,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/15568253261492467"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/15568253261492467","relation":{},"ISSN":["1556-8253","1556-8342"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1556-8253","type":"print"},{"value":"1556-8342","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]]},"article-number":"15568253261492467"}}