{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,25]],"date-time":"2026-10-25T18:33:56Z","timestamp":1792953236215,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792540800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Pfizer","award":["RC01#89821171"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RC01#89821171"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01xdqrp08","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Breastfeeding Medicine"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The RSVpreF vaccine, licensed for the prevention of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-associated lower respiratory tract disease in infants &lt;6 months via maternal immunization, protects infants through transplacental-transferred antibodies. Additional benefits may be conferred via vaccine-induced antibodies in human milk, but milk was not collected in clinical trials. Here, we implemented a longitudinal, observational study to characterize RSV-specific antibodies in milk of lactating individuals who did or did not receive RSVpreF in pregnancy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Between September 2023 and February 2025, milk samples were self-collected from 73 vaccinated and 28 unvaccinated consented individuals during the first month postpartum and frozen until assessment by Luminex-based multiplex immunoassays. This study compared milk immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin A (IgA), and total secretory antibody titers against RSVpreF and RSV G between vaccinated and unvaccinated groups using linear models adjusted for maternal age, race\/ethnicity, infant daycare attendance, and presence of older children in the home. As prespecified in the study\u2019s statistical analysis plan, the threshold for significance in this interim analysis was set at &lt;0.0001, after adjustment for the primary multiple endpoints.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Mean human milk IgA, IgG, and total secretory antibody titers to RSVpreF were found to be 11- to 31-fold higher in vaccinated versus unvaccinated individuals (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      -adjusted &lt; 0.0001). Antibody titers to RSV G (not a vaccine antigen, therefore indicative of responses from prior RSV infection) were not different between groups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>High vaccine-induced secretory antibodies may be particularly important since secretory antibody is the most durable antibody class in milk and mucosa and therefore most likely to provide ongoing protection for infants.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15568253261499045","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T06:56:51Z","timestamp":1792652211000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Vaccination in Pregnancy with the Bivalent Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccine Elicits Significant Specific IgA, IgG, and Secretory Antibody Titers in Human Milk"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"given":"Jessica E.","family":"Atwell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pfizer, Inc, New York, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Deese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pfizer, Inc, New York, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mayte","family":"Su\u00e1rez-Fari\u00f1as","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoqi","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claire","family":"DeCarlo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alisa","family":"Fox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rong","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pfizer, Inc, New York, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaijie","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pfizer, Inc, New York, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonal","family":"Uppal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pfizer, Inc, New York, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Vichnin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pfizer, Inc, New York, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisa","family":"Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pfizer, Inc, New York, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bradford D.","family":"Gessner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pfizer, Inc, New York, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4956-7417","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebecca L.","family":"Powell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)30938-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)00478-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000005816"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2110275"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2502984"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_1","unstructured":"6.FDA approves first vaccine for pregnant individuals to prevent RSV in infants. 2003. 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The vaccine-elicited immunoglobulin profile in milk after COVID-19 mRNA-based vaccination is IgG-dominant and lacks secretory antibodies. medRxiv 2021.","journal-title":"medRxiv"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/bfm.2022.0019"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24032957"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2021-054260"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.107964"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.01432-25"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13073-022-01043-9"}],"container-title":["Breastfeeding Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15568253261499045","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/15568253261499045","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15568253261499045","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,25]],"date-time":"2026-10-25T17:53:28Z","timestamp":1792950808000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/15568253261499045"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]]},"references-count":37,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/15568253261499045"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/15568253261499045","relation":{},"ISSN":["1556-8253","1556-8342"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1556-8253","type":"print"},{"value":"1556-8342","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]]},"article-number":"15568253261499045"}}