{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T21:06:08Z","timestamp":1785877568501,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Innovations\ufffd(Phila)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Chest tube management after pulmonary resection is not standardized. Surgeons vary regarding the use of suction versus water seal, single versus multiple drains, drain type, and drainage threshold before removal. A randomized study was undertaken comparing standard suction (SS) of \u221220 cmH\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      O to low suction (LS) of \u22128 cmH\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      O using digital drainage systems. The primary aim was to demonstrate a shorter duration of air leak with LS. Secondary aims included chest tube duration, length of stay between arms, and the effectiveness of using a single 24 Fr Blake (channel) drain.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients scheduled for minimally invasive lung resection were eligible. The threshold for tube removal was a drainage volume of \u2264450 mL\/24 h and air leak of \u226420 mL\/min over 6 h.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 148 patients were eligible (76 SS and 72 LS). There were no differences in baseline characteristics. The duration of air leak (0.9 vs 1.2 days), chest tube duration (2.1 vs 2.1 days), hospital stay (2 vs 2 days), and prolonged air leak incidence (8% vs 11%) were not significantly different. In LS patients, there were more pleural interventions required (11% vs 3%,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.05) and a trend for more subcutaneous emphysema (14% vs 4%) on chest x-ray before chest tube removal.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The routine use of a 24 Fr Blake drain and a drainage threshold of 450 cc\/24 h for chest tube removal was safe and effective. We found no advantage of LS. However, more pleural interventions were required and a trend for increased subcutaneous emphysema with LS was found, suggesting SS may be preferred when an air leak is present.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15569845251342253","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T06:02:36Z","timestamp":1754028156000},"page":"367-374","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Optimal Suction Strategy After Pulmonary Resection Using a Digital Drainage System With a Single Blake Drain: A Randomized Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2941-8403","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Conor M.","family":"Maxwell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benny","family":"Weksler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Thoracic Surgery, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Shahbahrami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brent","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Thoracic Surgery, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kurt","family":"DeHaven","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Thoracic Surgery, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pam","family":"Kuchta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Thoracic Surgery, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kara","family":"Specht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Thoracic Surgery, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiran C.","family":"Fernando","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Thoracic Surgery, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd.2018.10.106"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezy301"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(01)02474-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2014.03.043"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.04.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezs518"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2018.12.059"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezy361"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.121.3.831"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd.2017.08.165"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcts.2011.05.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2009.02.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcts.2006.06.032"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/021849230601400311"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcts.2004.10.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1510\/icvts.2008.188086"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1039218"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-017-3975-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","article-title":"Reduce chest pain using modified silicone fluted drain tube for chest drainage after video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) lung resection","volume":"8","author":"Li X","year":"2016","unstructured":"Li X, Hu B, Miao J, et al. Reduce chest pain using modified silicone fluted drain tube for chest drainage after video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) lung resection. J Thorac Dis 2016; 8(suppl 1): S93\u2013S98.","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd-21-1801"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezt376"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2007.08.066"}],"container-title":["Innovations: Technology and Techniques in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15569845251342253","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/15569845251342253","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15569845251342253","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T11:18:36Z","timestamp":1777461516000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/15569845251342253"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/15569845251342253"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/15569845251342253","relation":{},"ISSN":["1556-9845","1559-0879"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1556-9845","type":"print"},{"value":"1559-0879","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}}}