{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T19:36:29Z","timestamp":1792870589635,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,6]],"date-time":"2026-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788652800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["OMICS: A Journal of Integrative Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Recent advances in high-throughput sequencing, bioinformatics, and multi-omics technologies have transformed seaweed research by overcoming long-standing challenges associated with complex genomes, diverse life cycles, and limited genomic resources. This review provides a comprehensive overview of bioinformatics approaches used to investigate seaweed genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, microbiomes, and functional genomics, with emphasis on the computational tools and databases that support these analyses. Applications of bioinformatics in phylogenetics, drug discovery, microbiome characterization, and the development of biofuels, nutraceuticals, pharmaceuticals, and sustainable agriculture are also discussed. Particular attention is given to emerging strategies involving multi-omics integration, genome editing, artificial intelligence, machine learning, and synthetic biology that are reshaping seaweed research. The review further examines current challenges, including incomplete genomic resources, data standardization, and the need for experimental validation of computational predictions. Collectively, these advances highlight the growing role of bioinformatics in enabling systems-level understanding of seaweed biology and accelerating their translation into sustainable biotechnological and marine bioeconomy applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/15578100261484211","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T06:04:45Z","timestamp":1788761085000},"page":"688-709","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Unveiling the Molecular Secrets of Seaweeds: A Comprehensive Review of Bioinformatics Applications in Algal Research"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Arshitha Kamali","family":"P.K.","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioinformatics, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valli Nachiyar","family":"C.","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dean, Department of Research, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9103-5070","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Swetha","family":"Sunkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioinformatics, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S479068"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csbj.2025.12.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15252\/msb.20178124"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22146\/jfs.92955"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10811-010-9529-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10811-017-1351-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10482-021-01672-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07352689.2020.1787679"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0250968"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.3869"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/genes16050587"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2025.102457"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2024.110575"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2020.01065"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1221259110"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10811-010-9560-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-13-487"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fgeed.2024.1380682"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2024.10.049"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-023-09658-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygeno.2024.110842"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-023-02139-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15592324.2015.1017697"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2025.1585073"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s23229197"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1750-3841.70418"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41559-020-01378-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/foods13244055"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07388551.2023.2283376"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.infrared.2024.105211"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12918-018-0571-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.51584\/IJRIAS.2026.11050047"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pre.12472"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/26388081.2023.2193619"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering11111143"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.71150\/jm.2409026"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bib\/bbaf576"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03819-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.algal.2023.103227"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/rs16234418"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox12030710"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msy081"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40643-023-00690-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.117642"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41597-025-04620-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/md12053025"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gbe\/evad124"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00343-022-2045-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biology11101458"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12870-020-02422-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-018-1529-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crmeth.2025.101273"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0239422"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pmic.202200220"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/164_2022_612"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molp.2024.03.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-020-06792-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/md21110595"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2022.112221"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-37914-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biology12020167"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/md18060301"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/msphere.00996-24"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiotec.2025.09.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-019-6366-x"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_3_3_67_1","first-page":"e5295","article-title":"A guide to basic RNA sequencing data processing and transcriptomic analysis","volume":"15","author":"Shouib R","year":"2025","unstructured":"Shouib R, , Eitzen G, , Steenbergen R. A guide to basic RNA sequencing data processing and transcriptomic analysis. Bio Protoc 2025;15(9):e5295; doi: 10.21769\/BioProtoc.5295","journal-title":"Bio Protoc"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-017-3505-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1177932219899051"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/foods11182832"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tanna B Mishra A. Metabolomics of seaweeds. In: Metabolomics of Seaweeds. 2018; doi: 10.1016\/B978-0-12-812689-9.00002-9","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-812689-9.00002-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo12060487"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_73_1","unstructured":"United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTD). An ocean of opportunities: The potential of seaweed to advance food environmental and gender dimensions of the SDGs (UNCTAD\/DITC\/TED\/2024\/1). 2024. Available from: https:\/\/unctad.org\/publication\/ocean-opportunities-potential-seaweed-advance-food-environmental-and-gender-dimensions"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_74_1","unstructured":"United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTD). Trade and environment review 2023: Building a sustainable and resilient ocean economy beyond 2030 (UNCTAD\/DITC\/TED\/2023\/1). 2023. Available from: https:\/\/unctad.org\/publication\/trade-and-environment-review-2023"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00248-025-02563-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2020.590065"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2023.1009462"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/msystems.01422-21"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/biof.114"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-025-11933-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.algal.2016.08.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/en15249395"}],"container-title":["OMICS: A Journal of Integrative Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15578100261484211","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/15578100261484211","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15578100261484211","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T18:49:29Z","timestamp":1792867769000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/15578100261484211"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,6]]},"references-count":81,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/15578100261484211"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/15578100261484211","relation":{},"ISSN":["1536-2310","1557-8100"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1536-2310","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-8100","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,6]]}}}