{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:36:06Z","timestamp":1792787766130,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790294400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Young Scientists Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["Grant No. 82501363"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant No. 82501363"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province of China","award":["Grant No. 2026JJ60068"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant No. 2026JJ60068"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["OMICS: A Journal of Integrative Biology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Photodynamic therapy (PDT) can elicit antitumor immunity by inducing immunogenic cell death (ICD), making it an attractive option for postoperative local cancer treatment. However, in solid tumors, aberrant vasculature and an immunosuppressive microenvironment often restrict immune-cell infiltration, thereby weakening the immune benefits of PDT. Here, we develop an ICD-amplifying, self-assembled nanoparticle\u2013hydrogel composite (methacrylate-functionalized fucoidan hydrogel [dFuGMA]-Ce6-Tas nanoparticles [CTNPs]) for local immunotherapy following melanoma resection. In this system, the photosensitizer chlorin e6 and the immunomodulatory\/antiangiogenic agent tasquinimod (Tas) spontaneously coassemble into carrier-free nanoparticles (CTNPs), which are subsequently embedded in a photocrosslinkable dFuGMA to enable\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in situ<\/jats:italic>\n                    gelation and coordinated therapy at the surgical site.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">In vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    , CTNPs markedly enhanced cellular uptake, reactive oxygen species generation, and ICD-associated responses. In a postoperative melanoma model, dFuGMA-CTNPs combined with laser irradiation significantly suppressed tumor regrowth and promoted immune activation, as evidenced by increased dendritic cell maturation (4.6-fold) and enhanced infiltration of CD4\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    (4.8-fold) and CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cells (5.8-fold). Mechanistically, Tas induced tumor vascular normalization by downregulating the hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha\/vascular endothelial growth factor axis, thereby synergistically potentiating PDT-triggered ICD and downstream immune responses. Transcriptomic profiling further confirmed modulation of pathways associated with \u201cimmune response\u201d and \u201cT cell activation.\u201d In conclusion, dFuGMA-CTNPs achieves a dual-pathway synergy through ICD enhancement and vascular normalization, providing a precisely localized and translationally feasible immunotherapeutic strategy to prevent postoperative melanoma recurrence.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/15578100261488096","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T05:50:24Z","timestamp":1790401824000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["An Immunogenic Cell Death-Enhanced Self-Assembled Nanoparticle-Composite Hydrogel for Postoperative Local Immunotherapy of Melanoma"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"given":"Weili","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China."},{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Innovative Instruments for Precise Pathogen Detection, Hangzhou, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dengming","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aier Academy of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, China."},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haroon","family":"Iqbal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junfan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shengjun","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China."},{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Innovative Instruments for Precise Pathogen Detection, Hangzhou, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-2392-6661","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenxiang","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aier Academy of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, 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