{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:35:53Z","timestamp":1792787753035,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791417600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of the University of Health Sciences, Turkey","award":["project number: 2021\/019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["project number: 2021\/019"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03k7bde87","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hirsutism is characterized by excessive terminal hair growth in androgen-sensitive areas in women. Idiopathic hirsutism (IH) is the second most common cause after polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), yet its pathophysiology remains unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate serum levels of anti-M\u00fcllerian hormone (AMH), activins, inhibins, and follistatin in women with PCOS-related and IH.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This cross-sectional study included 55 hirsute women with PCOS, 50 with IH, and 50 age- and body mass index\u2013matched healthy controls. Menstrual patterns and modified Ferriman\u2013Gallwey scores were recorded. Serum levels of AMH, activin A, activin B, inhibin A, inhibin B, follistatin, and relevant reproductive hormones were measured.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      AMH levels were significantly higher in patients with PCOS compared with the IH and control groups (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001 and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05, respectively), whereas no significant difference was observed between the IH and control groups. Activin B levels did not differ among groups; however, activin A levels were lower in the PCOS group than in controls (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05). In contrast, inhibin A, inhibin B, and follistatin levels were significantly higher in the PCOS group compared with controls (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.01,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05, and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05, respectively). Inhibin A and inhibin B levels were also higher in the IH group than in controls. No significant differences in activins, inhibins, or follistatin were found between PCOS and IH groups. In multivariate analysis, only AMH remained independently associated with PCOS and showed a moderate ability to distinguish PCOS from non-PCOS subjects (area under the curve = 0.677).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Women with PCOS exhibited altered serum levels of AMH, inhibins, follistatin, and activin A compared with controls. AMH levels were higher in PCOS than in IH, whereas inhibin A and inhibin B levels were elevated in both PCOS and IH. These findings suggest that these hormones are associated with the endocrine profile of PCOS and IH and may contribute to the characterization of hyperandrogenic conditions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15578518261495359","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T13:02:16Z","timestamp":1791464536000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Circulating Anti-M\u00fcllerian Hormone, Activins, Inhibins, and Follistatin in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Idiopathic Hirsutism: A Case\u2013Control Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4392-4671","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sevil","family":"Sava\u015f Erdo\u011fan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Private Dermatology Clinic, Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meryem","family":"Hocao\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, G\u00f6ztepe Prof. Dr. S\u00fcleyman Yal\u00e7\u0131n City Hospital, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filiz","family":"Cebeci Kahraman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Kartal Dr. L\u00fctfi K\u0131rdar City Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u0130lkin","family":"Zindanc\u0131","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Haydarpa\u015fa Numune Training and Research Hospital Istanbul, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatih","family":"\u00d6z\u00e7elik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry, Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, 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