{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T20:52:26Z","timestamp":1793307146738,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Photobiomodulation, Photomedicine, and Laser Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM) is a promising noninvasive neuromodulation modality with potential therapeutic benefits for neurodegenerative diseases. Infrared light delivered by a tPBM device penetrates the cortex, stimulating neuronal activity by increasing mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate production and enhancing regional cerebral blood flow.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study investigated the efficacy and safety of a self-administered, at-home, wearable tPBM device for improving cognitive function in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) due to Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Individuals with MCI due to AD, diagnosed according to the National Institute on Aging and Alzheimer\u2019s Association criteria, with a Korean version of Mini-Mental State Examination-2 (K-MMSE2) score of 23\u201327 and a global Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) score of 0.5\u20131.0 were enrolled. Subjects self-administered tPBM six times per week for 12 weeks. Assessments were conducted at weeks 7 and 13 using the Korean version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (K-MoCA), K-MMSE2, the Korean version of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer\u2019s Disease, and the Geriatric Depression Scale.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 26 participants were enrolled. The treatment group showed a statistically significant improvement in K-MoCA scores at week 13 (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05) compared with the sham group. Although K-MMSE2 scores improved in the treatment group, the difference was not statistically significant. No serious adverse events were reported.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Findings suggest that tPBM is an effective and safe home-use intervention for individuals with MCI, with promising therapeutic and preventative roles in Alzheimer\u2019s dementia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15578550251369575","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]],"date-time":"2026-02-09T10:03:26Z","timestamp":1770631406000},"page":"411-416","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The Efficacy and Safety of Transcranial Photobiomodulation for Mild Cognitive Impairment Due to Alzheimer\u2019s Disease: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Sham-Controlled Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-7274-0863","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyelim","family":"Chun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Trials Center, Gangnam St. Peter\u2019s General Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minha Lea","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Trials Center, Gangnam St. Peter\u2019s General Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hee Won","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Gangnam St. Peter\u2019s General Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jung Young","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Trials Center, Gangnam St. Peter\u2019s General Hospital, Seoul, Republic 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