{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T16:34:01Z","timestamp":1790094841067,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758758400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["19H03814"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19H03814"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["20H04052"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20H04052"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["22H03249"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22H03249"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Lymphatic Research and Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Gradient compression garments are a standard treatment for lower limb lymphedema. However, few reports exist on the indications, effectiveness, and limitations of a biker shorts-style compression garment providing only proximal local compression of the thigh and lower abdomen for lymphedema treatment. This pilot study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of using biker shorts-style compression garments for lower limb lymphedema treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively analyzed 40 limbs that received treatment using biker shorts-style compression garments. The primary endpoint was the volume change in the thigh (compression region) and the lower leg (non-compression region) after 6 months of using biker shorts-style compression garments. The control was the volume change in the same patients during an equivalent time period when gradient compression garments were worn. Changes in lymphedema-related symptoms and patients\u2019 subjective comments were secondary endpoints. Of the 40 limbs analyzed, 33 limbs were early-stage cases classified as stage 1 or lower by the International Society of Lymphology. Twenty-one limbs had pain and heaviness associated with lymphedema in the thigh or groin. After 6 months of using biker shorts-style compression garments, there was a significant reduction in thigh volume compared to that after using gradient compression garments during the same period. Lymph-related pain improved in all limbs. Significantly poorer thigh volume improvement was observed in patients with a missing posterolateral pathway on lymphangiography and a history of radiation therapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Compared to gradient compression garments, biker shorts-style compression garments may improve thigh volume and symptoms in lower limb secondary lymphedema.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15578585251378442","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T12:25:01Z","timestamp":1758803101000},"page":"326-333","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Effectiveness of Biker Shorts-Style Compression Garments for the Treatment of Secondary Lower Limb Lymphedema"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Kazuyo","family":"Kamiyama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Takamatsu, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akira","family":"Shinaoka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshihiro","family":"Kimata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djj158"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.20373"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02574496"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21873\/anticanres.11785"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare7030101"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ijgc-2020-001682"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.31873"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2020.03.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","volume-title":"Lymphoedema Framework. Template for practice: compression hosiery in lymphoedema","author":"Doherty DC","year":"2006","unstructured":"Doherty DC, , Morgan PA, , Moffatt CJ. Role of hosiery in lower limb lymphoedema. In Lymphoedema Framework. Template for practice: compression hosiery in lymphoedema. MEP Ltd: London; 2006."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12968\/bjcn.2014.19.Sup10.S30"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000004315"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000005982"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-03637-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2019191169"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1603740"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1667366"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0258(19960229)15:4<361::AID-SIM168>3.0.CO;2-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2012.244"}],"container-title":["Lymphatic Research and Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/15578585251378442","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15578585251378442","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15578585251378442","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T07:27:03Z","timestamp":1777706823000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/15578585251378442"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/15578585251378442"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/15578585251378442","relation":{},"ISSN":["1539-6851","1557-8585"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1539-6851","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-8585","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]]}}}