{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T07:01:47Z","timestamp":1784962907008,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777334400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004748","name":"Mashhad University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["900543"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["900543"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004748","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Lymphatic Research and Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective(s):<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping commonly involves presurgical administration of a radioactive colloid and intraoperative injection of a blue dye near the tumor. Combining gamma scintigraphy and visual inspection could reduce false-negative rates. This study introduces novel imaging agents\u2014radioactive nanoliposomes (NLs) encapsulating patent blue dye\u2014for lymph node scintigraphy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      PEGylated (PEG-NLs) and non-PEGylated (non-PEG-NLs) NLs were prepared using the thin-film hydration method with patent blue dye and labeled with\n                      <jats:sup>99m<\/jats:sup>\n                      Tc-hexamethylpropylene-amine-oxime (\n                      <jats:sup>99m<\/jats:sup>\n                      Tc-HMPAO). Lymphatic drainage of the radiolabeled liposomes was assessed in BALB\/c mice following subcutaneous footpad injections. Planar imaging was performed at 0.5 and 1 hour postinjection.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The mean diameter, zeta potential, and polydispersity index of the PEG-NLs were 130.7 \u00b1 0.348 nm (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 3), \u221222.4 \u00b1 0.54 mV, and 0.118 \u00b1 0.12, respectively. These values for the non-PEG-NLs were 120.46 \u00b1 0.506 nm (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 3), 7.5 \u00b1 0.65 mV, and 0.055 \u00b1 0.009, respectively.\n                      <jats:sup>99m<\/jats:sup>\n                      Tc-HMPAO-PEG-NLs had a significantly higher lymph node uptake at earlier times after injection (28.27 \u00b1 5.22% ID\/g at 1 hour and 16.65 \u00b1 4.23% ID\/g at 2 hours), which was followed by fast washout at 4 hours postinjection and showed fast migration of PEGylated NLs through lymphatic system.\n                      <jats:sup>99m<\/jats:sup>\n                      Tc-HMPAO-non-PEG-NLs had an increased lymph node accumulation through entire time after injection (11.95 \u00b1 0.8% ID\/g, 22.95 \u00b1 4.56% ID\/g, 29.71 \u00b1 2.16% ID\/g at 1, 2, and 4 hours, respectively). Encapsulation efficiency of patent blue dye was determined to be 1.26 \u00b1 0.1%.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:sup>99m<\/jats:sup>\n                      Tc-HMPAO PEG-NLs and non-PEG-NLs containing Paten Blue dye are promising agents for SLN mapping, offering distinct advantages in uptake kinetics and retention for lymphatic imaging and visual detection.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15578585261419374","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T14:30:05Z","timestamp":1777386605000},"page":"138-144","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Formulation and Characterization of Patent Blue Dye Nanoliposome Labeled with\n                    <sup>99m<\/sup>\n                    Tc-HMPAO and\n                    <i>In Vivo<\/i>\n                    Evaluation by Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Najmeh","family":"Heidari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamideh","family":"Abbasian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pegah","family":"Sahafi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atena","family":"Aghaee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Somayeh","family":"Beheshti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Azam","family":"Abbasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Badiee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seyed Rasoul","family":"Zakavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahmoud Reza","family":"Jaafari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran."},{"name":"Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramin","family":"Sadeghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kayvan","family":"Sadri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2011.09.058"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12149-024-01948-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12149-009-0284-y"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","first-page":"30","article-title":"Comparison of pre-operative lymphoscintigraphy with inter-operative gamma probe and dye technique regarding the number of detected sentinel lymph nodes","volume":"12","author":"Sadeghi R","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sadeghi R, , Forghani MN, , Memar B, et al. 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