{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T00:49:23Z","timestamp":1777855763279,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,9]],"date-time":"2013-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1386547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Am J Mens Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Diminished exercise capacity is a fundamental symptom of heart failure (HF), which is particularly disadvantageous for men for whom exercise capacity contributes significantly to their gender identity, self-esteem, and quality of life. In this study, we aimed to examine whether psychological gender would be different in men with systolic HF as compared with their healthy peers. The authors examined 48 men with systolic HF (age = 64 \u00b1 10 years; body mass index = 28.3 \u00b1 3.4 kg\/m\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    ; NYHA I\/II\/III [%] = 25\/65\/10; left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF] = 32.1 \u00b1 7.8%) and 15 age-matched healthy men. Based on the results of the Polish version of the Bem Sex Role Inventory, the examined men were divided into four types of psychological gender: \u201cmasculine\u201d (M), \u201cfeminine\u201d (F), \u201cunspecified\u201d (U), and \u201candrogynous\u201d (A). None of the men with HF presented M type of psychological gender, whereas this type was found in 27% of the healthy men ( p = .0002). The prevalence of both A (38% vs. 47%) and F (10% vs. 20%, both p &gt; .05) types of psychological gender was similar between men with HF versus without HF. More men with HF fulfilled the criteria of the U type of psychological gender as compared with healthy peers (51% vs. 7%, p = .002). Men with HF and the F type of psychological gender were treated with spironolactone more frequently than those classified with the U and A types (both p &lt; .05). The lack of \u201cpsychologically masculine\u201d and the overrepresentation of \u201cpsychologically unspecified\u201d gender types in the HF group suggests that psychological gender may be affected among men with HF.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1557988313508429","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,9]],"date-time":"2013-12-09T21:04:29Z","timestamp":1386623069000},"page":"249-257","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Psychological Gender of Men With Systolic Heart Failure"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Agata","family":"Makowska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Students\u2019 Scientific Association, Laboratory for Applied Research on Cardiovascular System"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Rydlewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Centre for Heart Disease, Military Hospital, Wroclaw, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bartosz","family":"Krakowiak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Centre for Heart Disease, Military Hospital, Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alicja","family":"Kuczy\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Piotr","family":"Sorokowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dariusz","family":"Danel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Polish Academy of Sciences, Anthropology Unit in Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bogus\u0142aw","family":"Paw\u0142owski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Polish Academy of Sciences, Anthropology Unit in Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Human Biology, University of Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Waldemar","family":"Banasiak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Piotr","family":"Ponikowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Centre for Heart Disease, Military Hospital, Wroclaw, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ewa A.","family":"Jankowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Polish Academy of Sciences, Anthropology Unit in Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1557988313508429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0016242"},{"key":"bibr2-1557988313508429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dym069"},{"key":"bibr3-1557988313508429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-4679(198204)38:2<315::AID-JCLP2270380214>3.0.CO;2-R"},{"key":"bibr4-1557988313508429","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.4067\/S0034-98872001000900005","volume":"129","author":"Behar R.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Revista M\u00e9dica de 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