{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T13:58:56Z","timestamp":1792504736098,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,26]],"date-time":"2014-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1419552000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Am J Mens Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>To examine the association of major types of comorbidity with late-stage prostate cancer, a random sample of 11,083 men diagnosed with prostate cancer during 2002-2007 was taken from the Florida Cancer Data System. Individual-level covariates included demographics, primary insurance payer, and comorbidity following the Elixhauser Index. Socioeconomic variables were extracted from Census 2000 data and merged to the individual level data. Provider-to-case ratio at county level was alsocomputed. Multilevel logistic regression was used to assess associations between these factors and late-stage diagnosis of prostate cancer. Higher odds of late-stage diagnosis was significantly related to presence of comorbidities, being unmarried, current smoker, uninsured, and diagnosed in not-for-profit hospitals. The study reported that the presence of certain comorbidities, specifically 10 out of the 45, was associated with late-stage prostate cancer diagnosis. Eight out of 10 significant comorbid conditions were associated with greater risk of being diagnosed at late-stage prostate cancer. On the other hand, men who had chronic pulmonary disease, and solid tumor without metastasis, were less likely to be diagnosed with late-stage prostate cancer. Late-stage diagnosis was associated with comorbidity, which is often associated with increased health care utilization. The association of comorbidity with late-stage prostate cancer diagnosis suggests that individuals with significant comorbidity should be offered routine screening for prostate cancer rather than focusing only on managing symptomatic health problems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1557988314564593","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,26]],"date-time":"2014-12-26T21:38:21Z","timestamp":1419629901000},"page":"285-295","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Impact of Comorbidities on Prostate Cancer Stage at Diagnosis in Florida"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Hong","family":"Xiao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, IN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Goovaerts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BioMedware Inc., Ann Arbor, MI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georges","family":"Adunlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Askal Ayalew","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clement K.","family":"Gwede","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Youjie","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Foundation, Atlanta, GA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1557988314564593","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10552-011-9784-x"},{"key":"bibr2-1557988314564593","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwg040"},{"key":"bibr3-1557988314564593","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2003.09.034"},{"key":"bibr4-1557988314564593","volume-title":"Cancer facts & figures 2013","author":"American Cancer Society","year":"2013"},{"key":"bibr5-1557988314564593","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)68191-6"},{"key":"bibr6-1557988314564593","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1018758124614"},{"key":"bibr7-1557988314564593","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pubmed\/fdr051"},{"key":"bibr8-1557988314564593","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-8981(92)90164-L"},{"key":"bibr9-1557988314564593","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1998.16.9.3101"},{"key":"bibr10-1557988314564593","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2005.04.004"},{"key":"bibr11-1557988314564593","first-page":"193","volume":"16","author":"Brawley O.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Seminars in Urologic Oncology"},{"key":"bibr12-1557988314564593","first-page":"430","volume":"25","author":"Campbell R. 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