{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T00:51:52Z","timestamp":1777855912495,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,1]],"date-time":"2020-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588291200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Am J Mens Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the distribution of opportunistic infections (OIs) and factors associated with acquiring OIs in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected men who have sex with men (MSM) in comparison to those of heterosexual patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross-sectional study was conducted on 82 HIV-infected MSM and 120 HIV-infected heterosexual men in Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam. Demographical characteristics and clinical data were collected and analyzed using appropriate statistics (Mann\u2013Whitney, Chi-square, Fisher\u2019s exact test, and logistic regression).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The prevalence of OIs among MSM and heterosexual patients were 63.4% and 81.7%, respectively. The most frequent OI in the MSM group was human papilloma virus (HPV) (11%), followed by hepatitis B virus (8.5%), mycobacterium tuberculosis (7.3%), and Talaromycosis (2.4%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that buying sex (odds ratio (OR) = 4, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.13\u201314.25) and injecting drugs (OR = 13.05, 95% CI: 2.39\u201371.21) were associated with increased odds of having OIs in heterosexual patients while increasing age (OR = 1.1, 95% CI: 1.01\u20131.24) was correlated to increased odd of acquiring OIs in the MSM group. HIV-infected MSM accumulates OIs with increasing age, while heterosexual individuals increase opportunistic infections by buying sex or injecting drugs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1557988320926743","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,19]],"date-time":"2020-06-19T07:03:30Z","timestamp":1592550210000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Prevalence of Opportunistic Infections and Associated Factors in HIV-Infected Men Who Have Sex With Men on Antiretroviral Therapy in Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam: A Case-Control Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6886-2713","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Linh Vu Phuong","family":"Dang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory Centre, Hanoi University of Public Health, Hanoi, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Quan Hai","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory Centre, Hanoi University of Public Health, Hanoi, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Azumi","family":"Ishizaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Viral Infection and International Health, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mattias","family":"Larsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Training and Research Academic Collaboration (TRAC), Sweden, Vietnam"},{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nhung Thi Phuong","family":"Vu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory Centre, Hanoi University of Public Health, Hanoi, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cuong","family":"Do Duy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Tropical Diseases, Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0046-6348","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Linus","family":"Olson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Training and Research Academic Collaboration (TRAC), Sweden, Vietnam"},{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Woman\u2019s and Child\u2019s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thanh Thi","family":"Dinh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory Centre, Hanoi University of Public Health, Hanoi, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1557988320926743","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7448\/IAS.17.1.18841"},{"key":"bibr2-1557988320926743","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2019-054163"},{"key":"bibr3-1557988320926743","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-10092-5"},{"key":"bibr4-1557988320926743","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.277.5322.112"},{"key":"bibr5-1557988320926743","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2004.013094"},{"key":"bibr6-1557988320926743","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2013.01.031"},{"issue":"15","key":"bibr7-1557988320926743","first-page":"1","volume":"53","author":"Benson C. 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