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The primary cause of idiopathic male infertility remains unknown but seems to be associated with oxidative stress. Objective: The use of antioxidative formulation to improve qualitative and quantitative deficiencies in the male gametes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    In total, 78 subjects were treated with a combination of 1,725 mg L-carnitine fumarate, 500 mg acetyl-L-carnitine, 90 mg vitamin C, 20 mg coenzyme Q\n                    <jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>\n                    , 10 mg zinc, 200 \u00b5g folic acid, 50 \u00b5g selenium, and 1.5 \u00b5g vitamin B\n                    <jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub>\n                    (Proxeed\n                    <jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\n                    Plus, Sigma-Tau, Italy) for 6 months; the preparation was taken twice daily from the time idiopathic infertility was diagnosed. Basic seminal parameters were evaluated by a European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE) -certified embryologist following the fifth edition of the World Health Organisation (2010) guidelines at three time points: at baseline and 3 and 6 months of treatment.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Improvements in semen parameters (differing in terms of dynamics) were evident at 3 months and gradually improved over the 6 months of treatment. Each parameter: sperm concentration, total sperm count, sperm total and progressive motility improved significantly after treatment except for the percentage of sperm of abnormal morphology and ejaculate volume.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Proxeed Plus was effective for patients with idiopathic infertility; however, a long treatment period is needed to achieve optimal results.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/15579883211036790","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,13]],"date-time":"2021-09-13T09:39:05Z","timestamp":1631525945000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Comparison of 3- and 6-Month Outcomes of Combined Oral L-Carnitine Fumarate and Acetyl-L-Carnitine Therapy, Included in an Antioxidant Formulation, in Patients with Idiopathic Infertility"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Marek","family":"Szyma\u0144ski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women\u2019s Health, Sexology and Reproductive Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toru\u0144, Bydgoszcz, Poland"},{"name":"NZOZ Medical Center, Clinic of Infertility Treatment \u201cGenesis\u201d, Bydgoszcz, Poland"},{"name":"Gynecology and Oncological Gynecology Ward, 10th Military Research Hospital and Polyclinic, IPHC, Bydgoszcz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomasz","family":"Wandtke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NZOZ Medical Center, Clinic of Infertility Treatment \u201cGenesis\u201d, Bydgoszcz, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Gene Therapy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toru\u0144, Bydgoszcz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karolina","family":"Wasilow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NZOZ Medical Center, Clinic of Infertility Treatment \u201cGenesis\u201d, Bydgoszcz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2732-8631","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marek","family":"Andryszczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NZOZ Medical Center, Clinic of Infertility Treatment \u201cGenesis\u201d, Bydgoszcz, Poland"},{"name":"Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Sciences and Technology, Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rados\u0142aw","family":"Janicki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NZOZ Medical Center, Clinic of Infertility Treatment \u201cGenesis\u201d, Bydgoszcz, Poland"},{"name":"Gynecology and Oncological Gynecology Ward, 10th Military Research Hospital and Polyclinic, IPHC, Bydgoszcz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2745-530X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Piotr","family":"Domaracki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gynecology and Oncological Gynecology Ward, 10th Military Research Hospital and Polyclinic, IPHC, Bydgoszcz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-15579883211036790","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abad C., Amengual M. 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