{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T00:52:44Z","timestamp":1777855964915,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Am J Mens Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Premature ejaculation (PE) is one of the major causes of sexual dysfunction. Levosulpiride is an off-label medicine used to treat PE, but no review on its efficacy exists. A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to determine the efficacy of levosulpiride in treating PE. Databases PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar were searched. Randomized control trials (RCTs) comparing levosulpiride with placebo or other medicine were selected. Odds ratio (OR) of improved intravaginal ejaculation latency time (IELT) was calculated. A total of 97 articles were retrieved from database search, of which only four RCTs containing 203 men met the selection criteria. All four RCTs were included in systematic review while only two were included in meta-analysis. A high selection and detection bias was found in both of these studies. Meta-analysis also showed the odds of improving IELT in PE patients using levosulpiride to be significantly higher ( p &lt; .05) compared with those who used placebo, OR: 100.81, 95% confidence interval (CI) [13.12\u2013774.90], I\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    = 0%. Odds of improving IELT for &gt; 5 min (500% improvement) were also significantly higher ( p &lt; .05) compared with the placebo groups (OR: 38.88, 95% CI [5.12\u2013295.29], I\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    = 0%). The odds of improving IELT for &gt; 1 min, but &lt; 5 min were also significantly higher ( p &lt; .05) than placebo groups (OR: 32.84, 95% CI [4.15\u2013259.75], I\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    = 0%). Levosulpiride improved IELT, but even so, limited studies are available on this topic. Additional research is thus required to support the present review\u2019s findings.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/15579883221124832","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,26]],"date-time":"2022-09-26T01:53:46Z","timestamp":1664157226000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Levosulpiride for Premature Ejaculation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Adina","family":"Arshad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, Pir Mehr Ali Shah, Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5308-2359","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad","family":"Irfan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, Pir Mehr Ali Shah, Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Inam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan"},{"name":"BISP, C & T Wing, Pakistan Secretariat, Islamabad, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9476-062X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nik Hazlina Nik","family":"Hussain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Women\u2019s Health Development Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2000-2332","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shaiful Bahari","family":"Ismail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"bibr1-15579883221124832","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.33590\/emj\/10312297","volume":"2","author":"Aggarwal A.","year":"2017","journal-title":"European Medical Journal"},{"key":"bibr2-15579883221124832","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jhrs.JHRS_155_19"},{"key":"bibr3-15579883221124832","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1743-6109.2011.02384.x"},{"key":"bibr4-15579883221124832","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bcpt.12546"},{"key":"bibr5-15579883221124832","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00044011-200019020-00008"},{"key":"bibr6-15579883221124832","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2012.05.004"},{"key":"bibr7-15579883221124832","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medsci7110102"},{"key":"bibr8-15579883221124832","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.111.004952"},{"key":"bibr9-15579883221124832","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2008.07719.x"},{"key":"bibr10-15579883221124832","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2014.06.001"},{"key":"bibr11-15579883221124832","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijir.3900901"},{"key":"bibr12-15579883221124832","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39490.551019.BE"},{"key":"bibr13-15579883221124832","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-1241.2010.02479.x"},{"key":"bibr14-15579883221124832","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/DHPS.S7634"},{"key":"bibr15-15579883221124832","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Higgins J. P. T., Thomas J., Chandler J., Cumpston M., Li T., Page M. J., Welch V. A. (Eds.). (2020). Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions version 6.1 (updated September 2020). Cochrane. https:\/\/www.training.cochrane.org\/handbook.","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119536604"},{"issue":"4","key":"bibr16-15579883221124832","first-page":"124","volume":"22","author":"Hussain S. J.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Ayub Medical College Abbottabad"},{"key":"bibr17-15579883221124832","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1557988320937200"},{"key":"bibr18-15579883221124832","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.12150.1"},{"key":"bibr19-15579883221124832","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/and.13806"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr20-15579883221124832","first-page":"18","volume":"5","author":"Mohan H. 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D., Zwinderman A. H., Schweitzer D. H., Olivier B. (2004). Relevance of methodological design for the interpretation of efficacy of drug treatment of premature ejaculation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. 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