{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,17]],"date-time":"2026-05-17T04:06:48Z","timestamp":1778990808920,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012297","name":"society of family planning","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SFPRF14-ES2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFPRF14-ES2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012297","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Am J Mens Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    COVID-19 interventions disrupted family life, disproportionately affecting low-income Black fathers. Although family relationships are critical aspects of men\u2019s mental health and overall well-being, studies examining the effect of the pandemic from a Black fathering lens are sparse. This study explored Black fathers\u2019 experiences and adaptive responses to fathering during the pandemic, highlighting mental health consequences of their experience. Data was collected through interviews with Black fathers participating in a fatherhood-focused program in a Midwestern U.S. urban area. The average age of the participants was 33 years, half were unmarried (50%), most had one biological child (58%), many earned less than $10,000 USD annually (42%), and most had at least a high school degree (89%). Seventeen fathers (six in two focus groups and eleven individual interviews) were interviewed from February to July 2021. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and thematically analyzed. Five themes were identified from the data. Men consistently\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">valued their role as fathers<\/jats:italic>\n                    despite enduring\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">pandemic-related economic and familial stressors<\/jats:italic>\n                    that impacted their\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">involvement with their children.<\/jats:italic>\n                    A primary adaptation in response to these multilevel stressors was\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">surrendering to absence to protect their child(ren)<\/jats:italic>\n                    from disease. Fathers felt that the isolation from their children, due in part to increased maternal gatekeeping, consequently\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">heightened their psychological distress<\/jats:italic>\n                    . This study provides valuable insight into Black fatherhood during the COVID-19 pandemic. Findings indicate that COVID-19 strained already difficult parenting relationships and constrained father engagement, creating mental health consequences for some Black fathers.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/15579883261445254","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T05:27:23Z","timestamp":1778822843000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Fathering in a Pandemic: Low-Income Black Fathers\u2019 Experiences and Mental Health Stressors"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3069-853X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adaobi","family":"Anakwe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Management and Policy, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keon L.","family":"Gilbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Behavioral Science and Health Education, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Trang","family":"Pham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, School of Health Professions, University of Missouri, Columbia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wilson","family":"Majee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, School of Health Professions, University of Missouri, Columbia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Destini","family":"Goodwin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fathers &amp; Families Support Center, St. Louis, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rhonda","family":"BeLue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College for Health, Community and Policy, The University of Texas at San Antonio, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/fare.12663"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Allen Q. 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