{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T12:45:03Z","timestamp":1792586703374,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004846","name":"Beijing University of Chinese Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2025-BUCMXJKY056"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025-BUCMXJKY056"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004846","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Am J Mens Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    CP1Hao Decoction (CP1HD) is a traditional Chinese herbal prescription used to treat chronic prostatitis, but the therapeutic effects and underlying mechanisms of CP1HD, particularly those involving arachidonic acid metabolism and gut microbiota, remain unclear. This study evaluated the pharmacological efficacy of CP1HD in a carrageenan-induced rat model of prostatitis and explored its potential targets and pathways through integrated transcriptomics, 16S rRNA sequencing, and metabolomics analyses. CP1HD treatment significantly alleviated prostate histopathological damage, reduced the prostate index, and suppressed inflammatory responses. ELISA results showed that CP1HD markedly decreased the levels of TNF-\u03b1, IL-6, PGE2, LTB4, and COX-2, while regulating EETs levels, and inhibited M1 macrophage polarization and neutrophil infiltration while promoting M2 polarization. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that CP1HD reversed differentially expressed genes associated with inflammation and arachidonic acid metabolism, which was further confirmed by Western blot analysis of cPLA2, LTA4H, and sEH. In addition, CP1HD modulated gut microbiota composition by restoring the relative abundance of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Bacteroides<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Alistipes<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Eubacterium_siraeum group<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Metabolomic profiling demonstrated that CP1HD regulated arachidonic acid metabolism and related lipid mediators, with notable effects on phosphatidylethanolamine metabolism and fatty acid \u03b2-oxidation. Overall, CP1HD ameliorates prostatitis by reducing inflammation and prostate injury while modulating arachidonic acid metabolism, gut microbiota, and associated metabolic pathways.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/15579883261478378","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T07:31:06Z","timestamp":1788507066000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["CP1Hao Decoction Alleviates Chronic Prostatitis by Modulating Arachidonic Acid Metabolism: A Multi-Omics Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-1763-6052","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li-Xing","family":"Lei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Dongzhimen Hospital"},{"name":"Beijing University of Chinese Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-9274-5346","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hao-Ran","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Dongzhimen Hospital"},{"name":"Beijing University of Chinese Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6836-9793","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun-Long","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Changping Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing University of Chinese Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Dongzhimen Hospital"},{"name":"Beijing University of Chinese Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-5971-6478","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiang-Fa","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Dongzhimen Hospital"},{"name":"Beijing University of Chinese Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ke-Cheng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Dongzhimen Hospital"},{"name":"Beijing University of Chinese Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9841-5156","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Long-Ji","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Beijing Jiangong Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-1557-7194","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Dongzhimen Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3332-076X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ji-Sheng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Dongzhimen Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0302-2838(03)00367-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.117120"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2025.11499"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2024.1431088"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157237"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121200"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2026.1738123"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_3_5_9_1","first-page":"18","article-title":"Dysregulation of the Arachidonic Acid Pathway in Cystic Fibrosis: Implications for Chronic Inflammation and Disease Progression","volume":"17","author":"D'Orazio S.","year":"2024","unstructured":"D'Orazio S., Mattoscio D. (2024). Dysregulation of the Arachidonic Acid Pathway in Cystic Fibrosis: Implications for Chronic Inflammation and Disease Progression. Pharmaceuticals, 17(9), 18. Article 1185. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ph17091185","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/pharmrev.121.000408"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00345-019-02718-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12669\/pjms.38.3.4931"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_13_1","first-page":"5980387","article-title":"IL-6 Signaling Link between Inflammatory Tumor Microenvironment and Prostatic Tumorigenesis","volume":"10","author":"Ene C. V.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ene C. V., Nicolae I., Geavlete B., Geavlete P., Ene C. D. (2022). IL-6 Signaling Link between Inflammatory Tumor Microenvironment and Prostatic Tumorigenesis. Analytical Cellular Pathology, 10, Article 5980387. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2022\/5980387","journal-title":"Analytical Cellular Pathology"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu18050804"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2020.113264"},{"issue":"24","key":"e_1_3_5_16_1","first-page":"32","article-title":"The Role of Prostaglandins as Major Inflammatory Mediators in Colorectal Cancer","volume":"26","author":"Guardado M. M.","year":"2025","unstructured":"Guardado M. M., Lutz V., Hengstschl\u00e4ger M., Dolznig H. (2025). The Role of Prostaglandins as Major Inflammatory Mediators in Colorectal Cancer. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 26(24), 32. Article 12191. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms262412191","journal-title":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2025.147378"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121217"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_19_1","article-title":"Mechanistic analysis of the association between sugar-sweetened beverages and maternal physiological abnormalities during pregnancy: a gut microbiota-mediated oxidative stress-inflammation network [Article; Early Access]","volume":"16","author":"He T. L.","year":"2026","unstructured":"He T. L., Chen J. X., Zheng J. D., Li H. F., Ma D. J., Wang L. H., Mao J. N., Luo J., Yang Z. G. (2026). Mechanistic analysis of the association between sugar-sweetened beverages and maternal physiological abnormalities during pregnancy: a gut microbiota-mediated oxidative stress-inflammation network [Article; Early Access]. Food & Function, 16. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/d5fo05140a","journal-title":"Food & Function"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1183895"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.13647"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1683500"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2022.120782"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10753-026-02468-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.119705"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2026.1844637"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/tau-24-190"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000047125"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202502662R"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.139"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.155249"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prostaglandins.2026.107066"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.molpharmaceut.5c01175"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118031"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2024.118989"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ph19010153"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11306-020-01715-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(03)00583-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157458"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121325"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2019.02.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/pcan.2016.8"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11011-025-01733-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2026.124981"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2026.118390"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-025-04351-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2025.1628094"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-024-02513-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41391-022-00559-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2025.1689522"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2025.1508891"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamem.2017.04.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2026.1755982"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115652"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00345-023-04587-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ph19060868"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12010-025-05294-1"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_3_5_58_1","first-page":"5267","article-title":"Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation combined with levofloxacin and tamsulosin for patients with chronic prostatitis: clinical efficacy and changes in serum factors","volume":"15","author":"Xiao G. H.","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xiao G. H., Weng M. J., Wang P. (2023). Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation combined with levofloxacin and tamsulosin for patients with chronic prostatitis: clinical efficacy and changes in serum factors. American Journal of Translational Research, 15(8), 5267\u20135275.","journal-title":"American Journal of Translational Research"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-00721-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2025.11.058"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_5_61_1","first-page":"27","article-title":"Antibiotic cocktail-induced changes in gut microbiota drive alteration of bile acid metabolism to restrain Th17 differentiation through the FXR-NLRP3 axis","volume":"17","author":"Yue S. Y.","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yue S. Y., Niu D., Chen J., Li W. Y., Wang X., Meng Q. W., Song W. J., Yang Y. G., Wang H., Li R. R., Li B. Y., Zhang L. G., Hu C. J., Xu L. F., Wang H. H., Zhang L., Liang C. Z., Du H. X. (2025). Antibiotic cocktail-induced changes in gut microbiota drive alteration of bile acid metabolism to restrain Th17 differentiation through the FXR-NLRP3 axis. Gut Microbes, 17(1), 27. Article 2582944. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/19490976.2025.2582944","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/and.14455"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2026.104042"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13880209.2025.2605571"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/JIR.S502616"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2025.1672376"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/foods15040716"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Men's Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15579883261478378","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/15579883261478378","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15579883261478378","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,6]],"date-time":"2026-09-06T03:50:57Z","timestamp":1788666657000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/15579883261478378"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":66,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/15579883261478378"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/15579883261478378","relation":{},"ISSN":["1557-9883","1557-9891"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1557-9883","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-9891","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"article-number":"15579883261478378"}}