{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T19:02:03Z","timestamp":1777662123511,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,7]],"date-time":"2016-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1467849600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hand (New York, N,Y.)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Toe-to-thumb transfer has become the gold standard for thumb reconstruction, but in badly mutilated hands, additional soft tissue coverage may be required or a suitable recipient artery may not be available. There are only 3 case reports describing the successful use of a reverse radial forearm flap for coverage of a soft tissue defect around the thumb as well as providing arterial inflow for a toe transfer, performed either simultaneously or secondarily. Methods: A single surgeon\u2019s experience of all toe-to-hand transfers performed in conjunction with a reverse radial forearm flap between 1995 and 2014 was reviewed, including patient demographics, type of toe transfer and vascular pedicle, whether immediate or secondary, follow-up, and complications. Results: Eight toe-to-hand transfers were performed in 7 patients\u20143 children (age range, 3-15 years) and 4 adults (age range, 19-39 years). Three patients underwent primary toe-to-thumb transfer simultaneously with a reverse radial forearm flap, and 5 patients underwent secondary toe-to-hand transfer between 4 months and 2\u00bd years after an initial reverse radial forearm flap. All toe transfers survived completely. Average follow-up was 5.1 years. All patients were satisfied with the function and appearance of their reconstructed thumb. Conclusion: The reverse radial forearm flap is a very reliable procedure as a \u201cSister\u201d or \u201cSiamese\u201d flap to provide immediate arterial inflow to a simultaneous toe-to-thumb transfer, or to provide primary soft tissue coverage on the radial aspect of the hand and subsequently provide a recipient arterial inflow for a secondary toe transfer.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1558944716643081","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,6]],"date-time":"2016-05-06T15:22:26Z","timestamp":1462548146000},"page":"154-161","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Reverse Radial Forearm Flap to Provide Arterial Inflow to a Toe Transfer"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Joohak","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California Irvine Health, Orange, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alfred P.","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Los Angeles, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Neil F.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California Irvine Health, Orange, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1558944716643081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0007-1226(83)90011-5"},{"key":"bibr2-1558944716643081","first-page":"317","volume":"61","author":"Braun JB","year":"1977","journal-title":"Etude radio-anatomique des art\u00e8res de la main. Bull Ass Anat"},{"key":"bibr3-1558944716643081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0266-7681(05)80018-X"},{"key":"bibr4-1558944716643081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0007-1226(84)90001-8"},{"key":"bibr5-1558944716643081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000637-200044040-00013"},{"key":"bibr6-1558944716643081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.prs.0000299924.69019.57"},{"key":"bibr7-1558944716643081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1000206"},{"key":"bibr8-1558944716643081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2005.03.006"},{"key":"bibr9-1558944716643081","first-page":"695","volume":"20","author":"Lu K","year":"1982","journal-title":"Chin J Surg"},{"key":"bibr10-1558944716643081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-5023(87)80161-2"},{"key":"bibr11-1558944716643081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-198209000-00007"},{"key":"bibr12-1558944716643081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0094-1298(20)30369-2"},{"key":"bibr13-1558944716643081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0007-1226(83)90002-4"},{"key":"bibr14-1558944716643081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0007-1226(97)91363-1"}],"container-title":["HAND"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1558944716643081","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1558944716643081","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1558944716643081","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T07:28:25Z","timestamp":1777447705000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1558944716643081"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,7]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1558944716643081"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1558944716643081","relation":{},"ISSN":["1558-9447","1558-9455"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1558-9447","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-9455","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,7]]}}}