{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T19:12:32Z","timestamp":1777662752095,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,11]],"date-time":"2019-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1554940800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hand (New York, N,Y.)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Repair of the pronator quadratus (PQ) muscle with sutures has been reported durable after volar plating of distal radius fractures (DRF). It is unclear how the muscle reacts if not repaired and if a retracted muscle correlates to worse functional outcome or complications. In this study, we use ultrasound to investigate the anatomy of the PQ muscle after volar plating with PQ repair or nonrepair and correlate the ultrasound findings with patient-reported outcome.\n                    <jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Participants were recruited from a clinical trial where they were randomly allocated to repair or nonrepair of the PQ muscle after volar plating of DRF. The participants and radiologist were blinded to group allocation. Ultrasound imaging of both fractured and contralateral wrists was performed 3 months after surgery. Ultrasound measurements included the difference in length of PQ muscle between the injured and uninjured side, retraction of PQ muscle, and tendon complications. The length and number of retractions were correlated to complications and Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation (PRWE).\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    The mean difference of the difference in length measurements was 4.4 mm in the nonrepair group and 2.7 mm in the repair group with a mean difference between groups of 1.7 mm. This was statically significant; however, there were no clinical or statistical differences in complication rate or PRWE between the two groups.\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold>\n                    The PQ length was significantly shorter and the number of retractions significantly larger without repair of the PQ muscle; however, neither length nor retraction correlated significantly with complication rate or PRWE.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1558944719840737","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,11]],"date-time":"2019-04-11T10:01:59Z","timestamp":1554976919000},"page":"32-37","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["The Pronator Quadratus Muscle After Volar Plating: Ultrasound Evaluation of Anatomical Changes Correlated to Patient-Reported Clinical Outcome"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Jesper","family":"Sonntag","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hilleroed, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jesper","family":"Hern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hilleroed, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Linn","family":"Woythal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hilleroed, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ulrik","family":"Branner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hilleroed, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kai H. W.","family":"Lange","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hilleroed, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stig","family":"Brorson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zealand University Hospital, Koege, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2012.02.001."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2017.04.047."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-015-4347-1."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Johnson RK Shrewsbury MM. The pronator quadratus in motions and in stabilization of the radius and ulna at the distal radioulnar joint. J Hand Surg Am. 1976;1(3):205-209. http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/1018088. Accessed August 18 2016.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-5023(76)80039-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0266-7681(96)80175-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2012.06.005."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40001-015-0187-4."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2013.06.006."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0b013e3182539333."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11751-017-0288-4."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11552-012-9420-6."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-964880."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","unstructured":"Brown EN Lifchez SD. Flexor pollicis longus tendon rupture after volar plating of a distal radius fracture: pronator quadratus plate coverage may not adequately protect tendons. Eplasty. 2011;11:461-466. http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/22096615. Accessed May 31 2017."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1558944718787327."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jus.2012.01.001."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jacobson JA Lax MJ. Advanced imaging of the postoperative orthopedic patient. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. 2002;6(1): 67-78. doi: 10.1055\/s-2002-23165.","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2002-23165"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7863\/ultra.33.1.111."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12998-015-0076-5."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11152\/mu.2013.2066.182.qua."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5014\/ajot.43.7.444"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1054\/JHSB.1999.0236"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5535\/arm.2016.40.3.496."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dellon AL Mackinnon SE. The pronator quadratus muscle flap. J Hand Surg Am. 1984;9(3):423-427. http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/6725904. Accessed December 6 2018.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-5023(84)80236-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"MacDermid JC Turgeon T Richards RS et al. Patient rating of wrist pain and disability: a reliable and valid measurement tool. J Orthop Trauma. 1998;12(8):577-586. http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/9840793. 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