{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T19:12:41Z","timestamp":1777662761970,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,23]],"date-time":"2019-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1555977600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hand (New York, N,Y.)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Appreciating the history of Hand Surgery is part of what most of us enjoy about our profession. Most of us know that Silas Weir Mitchell, MD, coined the terms \u201cCausalgia\u201d and \u201cPhantom Limb,\u201d yet few of us know that our present-day evaluation of the sensory and motor function of the hand and some of our rehabilitation methods for motor palsy were introduced by Mitchell as he worked, scholarly, in Turner\u2019s Lane Hospital, the first hospital devoted to nerve injuries, to understand Civil War gunshot wounds related to musket ball. Mitchell\u2019s contributions to neurosensory and motor evaluation were reviewed by reading his historical publications. Mitchell\u2019s described cervical sympathetic injury Horner\u2019s Syndrome), sensory recovery preceding motor recovery after proximal nerve injury, that more sensory information can be perceived by applying greater pressure, importance of passive joint movement to prevent contracture, value of electrical stimulation after motor palsy, value of rest to facilitate healing, ability of 1- and 2-point sensory testing to evaluate sensibility, value of testing temperature to understand neuropathology, importance of experimental peripheral nerve surgery to clinical care, recorded muscle strength by manual evaluation, staged degree of nerve injury, described Saturday night and crutch palsy, and first described Hoffmann-Tinel sign. Mitchell made signifiant and seminal observations, that have largely gone unrecognized and that we use today in care of the injured upper extremity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1558944719843643","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,24]],"date-time":"2019-04-24T01:54:14Z","timestamp":1556070854000},"page":"128-133","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Silas Weir Mitchell, MD, LLD, FRC: Neurological Evaluation and Rehabilitation of the Injured Upper Extremity"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Kevin M.","family":"Klifto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A. Lee","family":"Dellon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1558944719843643","first-page":"905","volume":"13","author":"Learmonth J.","year":"1933","journal-title":"Surg Clin North Am"},{"key":"bibr2-1558944719843643","first-page":"792","volume":"75","author":"Learmonth J.","year":"1942","journal-title":"Surg Gyn Obst"},{"key":"bibr3-1558944719843643","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2000-7555"},{"key":"bibr4-1558944719843643","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0266-7681_90_90042-3"},{"key":"bibr5-1558944719843643","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-05538-7_2"},{"issue":"4","key":"bibr6-1558944719843643","first-page":"351","volume":"25","author":"Moberg E.","year":"1987","journal-title":"Paraplegia"},{"key":"bibr7-1558944719843643","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000048478.42020.97"},{"key":"bibr8-1558944719843643","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2003.08.016"},{"key":"bibr9-1558944719843643","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09647049309525559"},{"key":"bibr10-1558944719843643","volume-title":"Weir Mitchell Novelist and Physician","author":"Earnest ES.","year":"1950"},{"key":"bibr11-1558944719843643","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/096777200000800201"},{"key":"bibr12-1558944719843643","volume-title":"A Treatise on Localized Electrization, and Its Applications to Pathology and Therapeutics","author":"Duchenne G","year":"1871"},{"key":"bibr13-1558944719843643","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0363-5023(93)90378-G"},{"issue":"189","key":"bibr14-1558944719843643","first-page":"369","volume":"76","author":"Waller A.","year":"1851","journal-title":"Edinb Med Surg J"},{"key":"bibr15-1558944719843643","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1967.03120040082020"},{"key":"bibr16-1558944719843643","volume-title":"Introduction \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tude de la m\u00e9decine exp\u00e9rimentale","author":"Bernard C.","year":"1865"},{"key":"bibr17-1558944719843643","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.35.3.471"},{"key":"bibr18-1558944719843643","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BLO.0b013e31803df02c"},{"key":"bibr19-1558944719843643","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000441-187207000-00024"},{"key":"bibr20-1558944719843643","first-page":"193","volume":"7","author":"Horner J.","year":"1869","journal-title":"Klin Monatsbl Augenheilk"},{"key":"bibr21-1558944719843643","first-page":"182","volume-title":"Injuries of Nerves and Their Consequences","author":"Mitchell SW","year":"1872"},{"key":"bibr22-1558944719843643","volume-title":"Evaluation of Sensibility and Re-Education of Sensation in the Hand","author":"Dellon A.","year":"2015","edition":"4"},{"key":"bibr23-1558944719843643","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1000202"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr24-1558944719843643","first-page":"61","volume":"139","author":"Seddon HJ.","year":"1943","journal-title":"Glasgow Med J"},{"key":"bibr25-1558944719843643","volume-title":"New Remedies: With Formulae for Their Administration","author":"Dunglison R.","year":"1851","edition":"6"},{"key":"bibr26-1558944719843643","first-page":"128","volume-title":"Injuries of Nerves and Their Consequences","author":"Mitchell SW","year":"1872"},{"key":"bibr27-1558944719843643","first-page":"234","volume-title":"Injuries of Nerves and Their Consequences","author":"Mitchell SW","year":"1872"},{"key":"bibr28-1558944719843643","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0266-7681(93)90249-F"},{"key":"bibr29-1558944719843643","first-page":"8","volume-title":"Injuries of Major Branches of the Peripheral Nerves in the Forearm","author":"Kaplan EJ","year":"1972"}],"container-title":["HAND"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1558944719843643","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1558944719843643","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1558944719843643","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T07:30:11Z","timestamp":1777447811000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1558944719843643"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,23]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1558944719843643"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1558944719843643","relation":{},"ISSN":["1558-9447","1558-9455"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1558-9447","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-9455","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,23]]}}}