{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T01:57:08Z","timestamp":1781661428550,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,19]],"date-time":"2020-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1584576000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hand (New York, N,Y.)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Tendon transfers are commonly performed in patients with brachial plexus birth palsy (BPBP) to improve function. Transferring 2 tendons in patients with C5-7 injury has the potential complication of loss of midline function. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether a single tendon transfer (1TT) as opposed to the traditional double tendon transfer (2TT) resulted in any differences in functional outcomes in patients with C5-7 BPBP. Methods: A retrospective review of all patients with C5-7 BPBP who underwent tendon transfers to improve shoulder external rotation over a 5-year period was performed at 2 institutions. Outcomes were assessed using the modified Mallet (MM) classification scores. Results: Twenty-two C5-7 patients had complete records of preoperative and postoperative MM scores, including 11 sex-matched patients in both the 1TT and 2TT groups. When comparing preoperative and postoperative MM categories, there were significant improvements in both the 1TT and 2TT groups for global abduction ( P &lt; .05 and P &lt; .01, respectively) and external rotation ( P &lt; .00001 for both). Modified Mallet (MM) hand to neck scores were significantly improved in the 2TT group ( P &lt; .05) but not in the 1TT group ( P = .053). Internal rotation scores significantly decreased in both groups ( P &lt; .001). Both groups demonstrated significant increases in total scores from the preoperative MM scores ( P &lt; .01). Conclusion: The 1TT and 2TT procedures result in substantial gains in upper extremity functions for patients with C5-7 BPBP as measured by the MM score, specifically within the global abduction and external rotation subcategories. However, a significant loss occurs in internal rotation for both groups.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1558944720911211","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,19]],"date-time":"2020-03-19T03:12:22Z","timestamp":1584587542000},"page":"55-59","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Single Versus Double Tendon Transfer to Improve Shoulder External Rotation During the Treatment of Brachial Plexus Birth Palsy"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9821-7712","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joshua M.","family":"Abzug","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elie","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandria L.","family":"Case","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danielle A.","family":"Hogarth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan A.","family":"Zlotolow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shriners Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott H.","family":"Kozin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shriners Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1558944720911211","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2013.12.004"},{"key":"bibr2-1558944720911211","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11832-009-0208-3"},{"key":"bibr3-1558944720911211","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/0269215500cr341oa"},{"key":"bibr4-1558944720911211","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-200904000-00005"},{"key":"bibr5-1558944720911211","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1054\/JHSB.2002.0841"},{"key":"bibr6-1558944720911211","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9610(34)90143-4"},{"key":"bibr7-1558944720911211","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BTH.0000000000000150"},{"key":"bibr8-1558944720911211","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BPO.0000000000001251"},{"key":"bibr9-1558944720911211","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-0712(21)01230-0"},{"key":"bibr10-1558944720911211","first-page":"805","volume-title":"The Growing Hand","volume":"2000","author":"Zancolli EA"},{"key":"bibr11-1558944720911211","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.88B2.17185"}],"container-title":["HAND"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1558944720911211","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1558944720911211","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1558944720911211","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T07:26:51Z","timestamp":1777447611000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1558944720911211"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,19]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1558944720911211"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1558944720911211","relation":{},"ISSN":["1558-9447","1558-9455"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1558-9447","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-9455","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,19]]}}}