{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T22:39:54Z","timestamp":1791844794920,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,13]],"date-time":"2022-06-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655078400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hand (New York, N,Y.)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>It remains unclear whether exposure for planned fixation of distal radius fractrues is superior with any given approach, and whether a single utilitarian approach exists that permits reliable complete exposure of the volar distal radius.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cadaveric study was performed using 10 matched specimens. Group 1 consisted of 3 radially based approaches (standard flexor carpi radialis [FCR], standard FCR with radial retraction of FCR and flexor pollicis longus [FPL] tendons, extended FCR). Group 2 consisted of 2 ulnarly based approaches (volar ulnar, extended carpal tunnel). The primary outcome was total width of exposed distal radius at the watershed line. Mann-Whitney U and Wilcoxon rank testing was used to identify differences.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The standard FCR approach exposed 29 mm (90%), leaving on average 3 mm (10%) of the ulnar corner unexposed. Retracting the FCR and FPL tendons radially allows for an extra 1 mm of volar ulnar corner exposure. Finally, converting to an extended FCR approach provided 100% exposure in all specimens. The volar ulnar exposure however provided exposure to only 9 mm (37%), leaving 20 mm (62.5%) left unexposed radially. The extended carpal tunnel provided exposure to 21 mm (65%), leaving 11 mm (35%) radially unexposed. Differences between each group were statistically significant ( P &lt; .05).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The extended FCR approach exposed 100% of the volar distal radius in our study and may serve as a utilitarian volar surgical approach for exposure and fixation of distal radius fractures. Additional knowledge of the limitations of alternative approaches can be helpful in surgical planning.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15589447221094320","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,13]],"date-time":"2022-06-13T07:40:01Z","timestamp":1655106001000},"page":"44-51","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A Cadaveric Comparison of Approaches for Exposure of the Volar Distal Radius: Is There a Utilitarian Approach?"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"William J.","family":"Warrender","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"South Bend Orthopaedics, IN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel J.","family":"Wagner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reed W.","family":"Hoyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indiana Hand to Shoulder Center, Indianapolis, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4060-5138","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gregory A.","family":"Merrell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indiana Hand to Shoulder Center, Indianapolis, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William B.","family":"Kleinman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indiana Hand to Shoulder Center, Indianapolis, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5084-9051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brandon S.","family":"Smetana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indiana Hand to Shoulder Center, Indianapolis, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-15589447221094320","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2017.12.001"},{"key":"bibr2-15589447221094320","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0039-1685205"},{"key":"bibr3-15589447221094320","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.09.007"},{"key":"bibr4-15589447221094320","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BTH.0000000000000139"},{"key":"bibr5-15589447221094320","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0036-1579549"},{"key":"bibr6-15589447221094320","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0036-1581053"},{"key":"bibr7-15589447221094320","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11552-010-9281-9"},{"key":"bibr8-15589447221094320","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2014.07.002"},{"key":"bibr9-15589447221094320","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2012.12.029"},{"key":"bibr10-15589447221094320","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4055\/cios.2018.10.4.462"},{"key":"bibr11-15589447221094320","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1558944716668168"}],"container-title":["HAND"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15589447221094320","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/15589447221094320","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15589447221094320","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T07:28:15Z","timestamp":1777447695000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/15589447221094320"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,13]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/15589447221094320"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/15589447221094320","relation":{},"ISSN":["1558-9447","1558-9455"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1558-9447","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-9455","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,13]]}}}