{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T19:02:01Z","timestamp":1777662121289,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,7]],"date-time":"2022-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665100800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hand (New York, N,Y.)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The purpose of this study was to perform a biomechanical investigation on the effect of ulnar variance (UV) on the stability of the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) prior to and after DRUJ sectioning.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ten cadaveric forearm specimens were included in the study and baseline UV was assessed radiographically. Radial motion relative to the ulna was evaluated using Intel real sense cameras and a custom developed program. The forearms were dissected, and a radial osteotomy was performed. Using a custom-made plate, radial stability was assessed with an UV of + 4, 0, and \u22124 mm by measuring the maximum and minimum radial position relative to the ulna during a simulated Shuck test. The volar radioulnar ligaments and triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) were then sectioned, and testing was repeated at each UV state.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Sectioning significantly increased radial translation at neutral (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .008), +4 mm UV (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .008), and \u22124 mm UV (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .018). There were no significant differences in translation between the 3 UV groups with the DRUJ intact (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .124). The ulnar negative (\u22124 mm) state had significantly lower translation compared to the positive (+4 mm) (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .001) and the neutral (0 mm) (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .026) UV states. There were no significant differences between the positive and neutral UV groups with the DRUJ sectioned.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fixating the radius in \u22124 mm of ulnar negativity significantly decreased radial translation after sectioning the volar radioulnar ligament and TFCC. Ulnar variance had no effect on stability with an intact DRUJ.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Type:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Biomechanical Study<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15589447221124233","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,7]],"date-time":"2022-10-07T06:49:36Z","timestamp":1665125376000},"page":"448-455","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Negative Ulnar Variance Lessens DRUJ Instability After DRUJ Disruption: A Biomechanical Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Hailey P.","family":"Huddleston","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joey S.","family":"Kurtzman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liam","family":"Deegan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Westley","family":"Hayes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Austin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fitchburg State University, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Carter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7620-426X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"William R.","family":"Aibinder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7690-2401","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Steven M.","family":"Koehler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0000000000000312."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1601367."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0363-5023(81)80170-0."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1874325001206010204."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jhsu.2002.31731."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0749-0712(21)01084-2."},{"issue":"131","key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","first-page":"179","article-title":"Congenital anterior subluxation of the distal ulna. A case report","volume":"1978","author":"Fulkerson JP","unstructured":"Fulkerson JP, Watson HK. Congenital anterior subluxation of the distal ulna. A case report. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1978(131):179-182.","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0363-5023(82)80171-8."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0266-7681(94)90079-5."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0266-7681(05)80046-4."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","first-page":"589","article-title":"Nouvelle technique de traitement chirurgical des luxations recidvantes isolees de l\u2019extremite inferieure du cubitus","volume":"47","author":"Sauv\u00e9 L","year":"1936","unstructured":"Sauv\u00e9 L, Kapandji M. Nouvelle technique de traitement chirurgical des luxations recidvantes isolees de l\u2019extremite inferieure du cubitus. J Chir. 1936;47:589-594.","journal-title":"J Chir"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","first-page":"802","article-title":"Anterior dislocation of the head of the ulna","volume":"56","author":"Darrach W","unstructured":"Darrach W. Anterior dislocation of the head of the ulna. Ann Surg. 56:802-803.","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","first-page":"832","article-title":"Posttraumatic radioulnar instability: treatment by anatomic reconstrution of the volar and dorsal radioulnar ligaments","volume":"19","author":"Johnson Jones K","unstructured":"Johnson Jones K, Sanders WE. Posttraumatic radioulnar instability: treatment by anatomic reconstrution of the volar and dorsal radioulnar ligaments. 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