{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T19:03:47Z","timestamp":1777662227476,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,23]],"date-time":"2022-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671753600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hand (New York, N,Y.)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common entrapment neuropathy. Patients often search online for health information regarding common musculoskeletal complaints. Thus, the purpose of this study was to use language processing information from Google to assess the content of CTS frequently asked questions (FAQs) searched online and the transparency and quality of online CTS information.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>On March 11, 2021, we searched Google for 3 terms \u201ccarpal tunnel syndrome treatment,\u201d \u201ccarpal tunnel syndrome surgical treatment,\u201d and \u201ccarpal tunnel syndrome non-surgical treatment\u201d until a minimum of 100 FAQs and their answer links were extracted from each search. We used Rothwell classification to categorize the FAQs. The Journal of the American Medical Association\u2019s benchmark criteria were used to assess information transparency. Information quality was assessed using the Brief DISCERN tool.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our Google search returned 124 unique FAQs. Fifty-six (45.2%) were value based and most were related to the evaluation of treatment options (45\/56, 80.4%). The most common source type was medical practices (26.6%). Nearly half of the answer sources (45.9%) were found to be lacking in transparency. One-way analysis of variance revealed a significant difference in mean Brief DISCERN scores among the 5 source types, F(4, 119) = 5.93, P = .0002, with medical practices averaging the worst score (13.73\/30).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients are most commonly searching Google to gain information regarding CTS treatment options. Online sources such as medical practices should use widely accepted rubrics for ensuring transparency and quality prior to publishing CTS information.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15589447221142895","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,24]],"date-time":"2022-12-24T02:12:41Z","timestamp":1671847961000},"page":"768-775","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Examining the Public\u2019s Most Frequently Asked Questions About Carpal Tunnel Syndrome and Appraising Online Information About Treatment"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4447-354X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samuel","family":"Shepard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicholas B.","family":"Sajjadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jake X.","family":"Checketts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oklahoma State University Medical Center, Tulsa, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Griffin","family":"Hughes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryan","family":"Ottwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Oklahoma, Tulsa, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Chalkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oklahoma State University Medical Center, Tulsa, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Micah","family":"Hartwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matt","family":"Vassar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-15589447221142895","volume-title":"Carpal Tunnel Syndrome","author":"Sevy JO","year":"2020"},{"key":"bibr2-15589447221142895","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0097499"},{"key":"bibr3-15589447221142895","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2018.1.FOCUS17802"},{"key":"bibr4-15589447221142895","unstructured":"U.S. Census Bureau. Older people projected to outnumber children for first time in U.S. history. 2019. https:\/\/www.census.gov\/newsroom\/press-releases\/2018\/cb18-41-population-projections.html. Accessed October 29, 2021."},{"key":"bibr5-15589447221142895","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12963-018-0166-4"},{"key":"bibr6-15589447221142895","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsa1909301"},{"key":"bibr7-15589447221142895","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4066\/AMJ.2012.1530"},{"key":"bibr8-15589447221142895","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BCO.0b013e31828e542b"},{"key":"bibr9-15589447221142895","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2020.10.024"},{"key":"bibr10-15589447221142895","unstructured":"Search engine market share worldwide. https:\/\/gs.statcounter.com\/search-engine-market-share. Accessed October 30, 2021."},{"key":"bibr11-15589447221142895","unstructured":"Schachinger K. A complete guide to the Google RankBrain algorithm. Search Engine J. 2017. https:\/\/www.searchenginejournal.com\/google-algorithm-history\/rankbrain\/#close. Accessed November 30, 2022."},{"key":"bibr12-15589447221142895","unstructured":"Nayak P. Understanding searches better than ever before. The Keyword. 2019;295. https:\/\/blog.google\/products\/search\/search-language-understanding-bert\/. Accessed November 30, 2022."},{"key":"bibr13-15589447221142895","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/28740"},{"key":"bibr14-15589447221142895","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/jom-2021-0281."},{"key":"bibr15-15589447221142895","unstructured":"Google. http:\/\/google.com. Accessed March 12, 2021."},{"key":"bibr16-15589447221142895","unstructured":"dvthn. Scraper 1.7. https:\/\/chrome.google.com\/webstore\/detail\/scraper\/mbigbapnjcgaffohmbkdlecaccepngjd?hl=en. 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