{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T19:05:08Z","timestamp":1777662308765,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,11]],"date-time":"2023-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686441600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hand (New York, N,Y.)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the lower extremity, studies have suggested an optimal nail diameter to medullary canal diameter (ND\/MCD) ratio to minimize postoperative complications. The goal of this study was to determine whether a correlation exists between the occurrence of complications, angulation, and range of motion and the ratio of the ND\/MCD in the upper extremity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 85 radius and ulna fractures treated with flexible intramedullary nails had ND\/MCD ratios measured. Random-effects models were developed to determine the association between complications and ND\/MCD ratio, angulation and ND\/MCD ratio, and range of motion and ND\/MCD ratio. The results were reported for unadjusted models and adjusted models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of the 85 forearm fractures treated with intramedullary nailing, there were 3 complications. The average follow-up was 6 months. The ND\/MCD ratios were categorized as &lt;0.50, 0.50 to 0.59, and \u22650.60. There was not a significant association between the different ratios and angulation, or risk of complication. There was an association between the ND\/MCD ratio \u22650.60 and decreased pronation of \u22121.58\u00b0 (\u22122.77\u00b0 to \u22120.38\u00b0) and supination of \u22122.68\u00b0 (\u22124.91\u00b0 to \u22120.46\u00b0) (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study found that there was not an association between the nail to canal diameter ratio and postoperative angulation in forearm fractures treated with flexible intramedullary nails. When choosing a flexible nail for forearm fractures, there does not appear to be an optimal ratio; it is therefore reasonable to use the ND that passes more easily.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15589447231175514","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,12]],"date-time":"2023-06-12T02:06:30Z","timestamp":1686535590000},"page":"1330-1335","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Canal Fill of the Forearm Bones When Placing Intramedullary Nails in the Pediatric and Adolescent Populations"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Max","family":"Hamaker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9424-6404","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Casey M.","family":"Codd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Catherine C.","family":"May","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nathan N.","family":"O\u2019Hara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9821-7712","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joshua M.","family":"Abzug","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BPO.0b013e31816d71f2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11832-011-0379-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-1383(13)70190-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BPO.0b013e318285c54d"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-016-3753-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2014.04.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BPO.0b013e3182a11d3b"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2004.12.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0b013e3181ca343b"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/S0218810411005163"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BPB.0b013e3283528db5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11832-010-0245-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.93B2.24882"}],"container-title":["HAND"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15589447231175514","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/15589447231175514","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15589447231175514","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T07:28:53Z","timestamp":1777447733000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/15589447231175514"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,11]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/15589447231175514"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/15589447231175514","relation":{},"ISSN":["1558-9447","1558-9455"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1558-9447","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-9455","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,11]]}}}