{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T18:54:16Z","timestamp":1790189656765,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,25]],"date-time":"2024-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714003200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hand (New York, N,Y.)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence technology, has the potential to be a useful patient aid, though the accuracy and appropriateness of its responses and recommendations on common hand surgical pathologies and procedures must be understood. Comparing the sources referenced and characteristics of responses from ChatGPT and an established search engine (Google) on carpal tunnel surgery will allow for an understanding of the utility of ChatGPT for patient education.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A Google search of \u201ccarpal tunnel release surgery\u201d was performed and \u201cfrequently asked questions (FAQs)\u201d were recorded with their answer and source. ChatGPT was then asked to provide answers to the Google FAQs. The FAQs were compared, and answer content was compared using word count, readability analyses, and content source.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There was 40% concordance among questions asked by the programs. Google answered each question with one source per answer, whereas ChatGPT\u2019s answers were created from two sources per answer. ChatGPT\u2019s answers were significantly longer than Google\u2019s and multiple readability analysis algorithms found ChatGPT responses to be statistically significantly more difficult to read and at a higher grade level than Google\u2019s. ChatGPT always recommended \u201ccontacting your surgeon.\u201d<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A comparison of ChatGPT\u2019s responses to Google\u2019s FAQ responses revealed that ChatGPT\u2019s answers were more in-depth, from multiple sources, and from a higher proportion of academic Web sites. However, ChatGPT answers were found to be more difficult to understand. Further study is needed to understand if the differences in the responses between programs correlate to a difference in patient comprehension.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15589447241247332","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,25]],"date-time":"2024-04-25T06:28:53Z","timestamp":1714026533000},"page":"893-899","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Evaluation of Patient Education Materials From Large-Language Artificial Intelligence Models on Carpal Tunnel Release"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1427-876X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brett J.","family":"Croen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed S.","family":"Abdullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ellis","family":"Berns","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Rapaport","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander K.","family":"Hahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut, Farmington, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caitlin C.","family":"Barrett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9749-1384","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew D.","family":"Sobel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","unstructured":"OpenAI. 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