{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T23:57:58Z","timestamp":1783987078083,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,12]],"date-time":"2025-04-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744416000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hand (New York, N,Y.)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The medial upper arm is a potential donor site for the perforator flaps because of its ideal thickness, pliability, excellent color, and well-hidden donor site scar. Its main vascular supply originates from the cutaneous perforators of the superior ulnar collateral artery and brachial artery. The purpose of this cadaveric study was to localize and describe the characteristics of the distal brachial artery perforator (DBAp), which supplies the distal medial upper arm, thereby providing databases for flap elevation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross-sectional study was carried out in 24 intact upper limbs from 12 fresh cadavers (6 men, 6 women). The surgical procedure was performed through 3 stages to locate the DBAp and then gather anatomical characteristics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We always identify at least 1 DBAp in each arm. There were 30 perforators (mean number 1.25 \u00b1 0.53). The average external diameter and length of perforator arteries were 0.95 \u00b1 0.22 mm and 3.52 \u00b1 1.29 cm, respectively. The majority of the points where the perforators pierce the deep fascia were spotted within a circle of 3.45 cm diameter, the center of which was 2.82 cm proximal (y value) and 1.40 cm lateral (x value) to the medial epicondyle. A consistent branch of the medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve (MACN) was found supplying sensory innervation to the DBAp flap.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The DBAp flap is a viable option for reconstructing soft tissue defects in the elbow and regions such as the face, head, and neck.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15589447251329589","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,12]],"date-time":"2025-04-12T17:13:53Z","timestamp":1744478033000},"page":"610-616","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Distal Brachial Artery Perforator: An Anatomic Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5563-2609","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hieu Trung","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-1187-9530","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bao Van Thai","family":"Dinh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cho Ray Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tho Phuoc","family":"Pham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cho Ray Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Duong Binh","family":"Tran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cho Ray Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khoi Manh","family":"Trang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/micr.30270"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-018-2066-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","first-page":"2841816","article-title":"Maximizing outcomes while minimizing morbidity: an illustrated case review of elbow soft tissue reconstruction","volume":"2016","author":"Ooi A","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ooi A, Ng J, Chui C, et al Maximizing outcomes while minimizing morbidity: an illustrated case review of elbow soft tissue reconstruction. Plast Surg Int. 2016;2016:2841816.","journal-title":"Plast Surg Int"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2015.06.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2013.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/NJCA.NJCA_89_22"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2019.01.025"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","article-title":"Anatomical and clinical perspective of medial arm region perforators-a potential flap for reconstructive surgeries","volume":"12","author":"Gupta R","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gupta R, Gupta T, Gaba S, et al Anatomical and clinical perspective of medial arm region perforators-a potential flap for reconstructive surgeries. J Clin Diagn Res. 2018;12(2):AC14-AC18.","journal-title":"J Clin Diagn Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/micr.30103"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-012-0997-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-009-0505-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2005-918901"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","article-title":"A new perforator flap from distal medial arm: a cadaveric study","volume":"10","author":"Cil Y","year":"2010","unstructured":"Cil Y, Kocab\u03b9y\u03b9k N, Ozturk S, et al A new perforator flap from distal medial arm: a cadaveric study. Eplasty. 2010;10:e65.","journal-title":"Eplasty"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","first-page":"1599","article-title":"Medial arm perforator flaps\u2014a cadaveric study","volume":"2","author":"Gupta R","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gupta R, Gaba S, Sahni D. Medial arm perforator flaps\u2014a cadaveric study. International Journal of Scientific Research and Management. 2014;2(11):1599-1603.","journal-title":"International Journal of Scientific Research and Management"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0266-7681_87_90011-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1715153"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-0358.129628"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2010.12.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-5023(10)80012-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","article-title":"Avoiding the medial brachial cutaneous nerve in brachioplasty: an anatomical study","volume":"10","author":"Chowdhry S","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chowdhry S, Elston JB, Lefkowitz T, et al Avoiding the medial brachial cutaneous nerve in brachioplasty: an anatomical study. 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