{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T23:40:42Z","timestamp":1792366842432,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hand (New York, N,Y.)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Fingertip injuries are common, and the thenar flap is a well-described technique used to maintain digital length. However, its use in patients aged 30 years and above is generally discouraged due to concerns regarding postoperative joint contracture. The purpose of this review was to evaluate whether these concerns are substantiated. A search of PubMed, Embase, and SCOPUS (1947-2025) identified 15 studies involving 519 flaps. Case reports and studies lacking functional outcome data were excluded. Bias was assessed using the Methodological Items for Non-Randomized Studies instrument, and results were synthesized using Microsoft Excel. Joint contracture occurred in 32.4% of cases, all of which involved only the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint. Active range of motion (AROM) at the metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints remained near normal and comparable with contralateral finger values. Distal interphalangeal joint AROM was reduced by 14.1\u00b0 compared with contralateral fingers. Patients older than 30 years demonstrated a 3\u00b0 greater PIP joint AROM than younger patients (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = .02). Our analysis of the literature shows that there is an elevated risk of DIP joint contracture after thenar flap reconstruction of a fingertip injury, but this risk was not significantly different in patients above 30 years. Further investigation with larger studies and standardized outcomes assessment is recommended.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/15589447251406716","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T12:02:21Z","timestamp":1768824141000},"page":"1576-1582","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Not Just for Kids: A Systematic Review of Outcomes of the Thenar Flap"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-4736-4268","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Camren S.","family":"Toole","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0800-4618","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos R.","family":"Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4361-0880","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joshua M.","family":"Adkinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1558944717695749"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.09.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_2","unstructured":"US Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics. Type of injury or illness and body parts affected by nonfatal injuries and illnesses in 2014. The Economics Daily. Published 2015. Accessed May 16 2025. https:\/\/www.bls.gov\/opub\/ted\/2015\/type-of-injury-or-illness-and-body-parts-affected-by-nonfatal-injuries-and-illnesses-in-2014.htm"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_5_5_2","first-page":"45","article-title":"Epidemiology of finger amputations in the United States from 1997 to 2016","volume":"1","author":"Reid DBC","year":"2019","unstructured":"Reid DBC, Shah KN, Eltorai AEM, et al. Epidemiology of finger amputations in the United States from 1997 to 2016. 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