{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T10:08:49Z","timestamp":1779271729690,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,17]],"date-time":"2026-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778976000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hand (New York, N,Y.)"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In view of paucity of studies, this study compared the effects of local versus intramuscular corticosteroid injections on clinical outcomes and electrophysiological parameters in patients with mild-to-moderate carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study enrolled 190 CTS patients between October 2023 to March 2025. Participants were randomized to receive either a single local injection of 40 mg methylprednisolone (MP) with 0.5 mL lidocaine at the wrist (local corticosteroid injection [LCI] arm) or a single 40 mg intramuscular (IM) MP injection in the deltoid (IM arm). The primary outcome was the Symptom Severity Scale (SSS) score at 3 months. Secondary outcomes included SSS at 1 month, Functional Status Scale (FSS), and median nerve electrophysiological changes at 1 and 3 months. Significant clinical response was defined as a reduction of \u22650.8 points in SSS or \u22650.5 in FSS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Follow-up data were missing for 29 patients at 3 months. At 3 months, mean SSS score was 1.51 (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">SD<\/jats:italic>\n                      0.58) in LCI and 1.64 (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">SD<\/jats:italic>\n                      0.72) in IM arm (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .21). However, the LCI arm showed significantly greater reduction in SSS\/FSS scores at 1 month. Considering patients lost to follow-up as treatment failures, response rate at 3 months was 70.5% in LCI and 72.6% in IM arm (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .75). Median nerve conduction results were comparable, although the LCI arm showed greater improvement at 3 months from baseline.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In patients with mild-to-moderate CTS, LCI resulted in greater reduction in Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire scores and in median nerve conductions at 1 month. However, outcome at 3 months was similar.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15589447261437824","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T04:32:31Z","timestamp":1779078751000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparison of Clinical and Electrophysiological Outcomes of Local Versus Intramuscular Steroid in Mild-to-Moderate Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: An Open-Label, Blinded Endpoint Randomized Clinical Trial"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4113-9186","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mritunjai","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Niket","family":"Yende","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rajni","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tehri Hydro Development Corporation Limited, Rishikesh, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2311-8891","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashutosh","family":"Tiwari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Gorakhpur, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Niraj","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar, Hyderabad Metropolitan Region, Telangana, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","article-title":"Local corticosteroid injection versus placebo for carpal tunnel syndrome","volume":"2","author":"Ashworth NL","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ashworth NL, Bland JDP, Chapman KM, et al. Local corticosteroid injection versus placebo for carpal tunnel syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2023;2(2):CD015148.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.73.6.710"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics11081336"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.56.11.1565"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2024.03.023"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880161219"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.22208"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-2457(01)00704-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199311000-00002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1753193409101469"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-4598(200008)23:8<1280::AID-MUS20>3.0.CO;2-Y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.319.7214.884"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.56.11.1459"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-159-5-201309030-00004"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","article-title":"Splinting for carpal tunnel syndrome","volume":"2","author":"Karjalainen TV","year":"2023","unstructured":"Karjalainen TV, Lusa V, Page MJ, et al. Splinting for carpal tunnel syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2023;2(2): CD010003.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2006.10.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-112-5-321"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.21012"}],"container-title":["HAND"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15589447261437824","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/15589447261437824","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15589447261437824","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T09:47:00Z","timestamp":1779270420000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/15589447261437824"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,17]]},"references-count":18,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/15589447261437824"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/15589447261437824","relation":{},"ISSN":["1558-9447","1558-9455"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1558-9447","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-9455","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,17]]},"article-number":"15589447261437824"}}