{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,21]],"date-time":"2026-06-21T21:48:12Z","timestamp":1782078492471,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781481600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hand (New York, N,Y.)"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments (SWMs) are used for the assessment of tactile sensitivity. The aim of this study is to investigate the intra- and inter-rater reliability of the full 20 SWM kit for the assessment of tactile sensitivity at hand level in a large sample of community-dwelling adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A consecutive convenience sample of community-dwelling adults was enrolled in an outpatient clinic. By applying stimuli to 5 different locations, according to the dermatomeric levels of the upper limb, a study was designed to test the intra- and inter-rater reliability of the SWM in assessing tactile sensitivity of the hands. Intra-rater reliability was investigated in 2 evaluation sessions; during each session 2 independent examiners performed the test (inter-rater reliability). Test-retest and intra-rater reliability, for each site and for both sides, were estimated with the quadratic weighted kappa index, with 95% confidence intervals. The false-negative responses were also recorded.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 102 participants completed the study. According to the perceived filament, values reached the .70 threshold in terms of inter-rater and intra-rater reliability, except for the dorsal surface of the hand at the base of the thumb in both hands. The number of false-negative responses was 6.1% of all stimuli administered.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The full 20 SWM kit is reliable at the hand level in healthy subjects, when used in groups of individuals. These results are based on a large sample, in a high number of sites. When doing the overall assessment, false-positive responses should be considered.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15589447261451447","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T06:59:03Z","timestamp":1781593143000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Reliability of Tactile Sensitivity Measurement With Semmes-Weinstein\u2019s Monofilaments in Community-Dwelling Adults"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9404-3068","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Ferrarello","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Azienda USL Toscana Centro, Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Schiappoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Azienda USL Toscana Centro, Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuele","family":"Nebbiai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Santini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5180-8355","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matteo","family":"Paci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Azienda USL Toscana Centro, Florence, Italy"},{"name":"University of Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0894-1130(12)80314-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","first-page":"585","volume-title":"Rehabilitation of the hand \u2013 surgery and therapy","author":"Bell- Krotoski JA","unstructured":"Bell- Krotoski JA. Light touch-deep pressure testing using Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments. In: Hunter JM, Schneider LG, Makin EJ, Callahan AD, eds. Rehabilitation of the hand \u2013 surgery and therapy. 3th ed. 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