{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]],"date-time":"2026-08-30T12:14:24Z","timestamp":1788092064590,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787702400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hand (New York, N,Y.)"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Threaded intramedullary nails offer a fixation option for proximal phalanx fractures with the advantage of immediate mobilization, avoiding secondary hardware removal, and decreased complications associated with exposed pins. There are currently limited data comparing the strength of intramedullary devices across various configurations with the traditional fixation method of Kirschner wires (K-wires). This study compared the biomechanical strength of intramedullary nail fixation (INF) in an \u201cI,\u201d \u201cY,\u201d or \u201cX\u201d configuration or 2 Kirschner wires in an \u201cX\u201d configuration for transverse proximal phalanx fractures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Forty cadaveric proximal phalanges with simulated transverse fractures were randomized to 1 of 4 fixation groups: INF in an \u201cI,\u201d \u201cY,\u201d or \u201cX\u201d configuration or 2 K-wires in an \u201cX\u201d configuration. The specimens were subjected to apex dorsal 3-point bending to failure using servohydraulic testing. Peak load to failure and stiffness were recorded. Analysis of variance was used to compare means between groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>No statistically significant differences in mean peak load to failure were detected between groups. Stiffness differed among groups, with the INF \u201cX\u201d configuration producing the stiffest construct (mean stiffness, 210 N\/mm), significantly stiffer than all other groups. The second stiffest construct was the INF \u201cY\u201d configuration (150.9 N\/mm), which was significantly higher than both the INF \u201cI\u201d construct (107.7 N\/mm) and the K-wire construct (91.8 N\/mm). There was no significant difference between the INF \u201cI\u201d construct and the K-wire construct.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Threaded INF in \u201cX\u201d or \u201cY\u201d configurations offers superior stiffness compared to K-wire and \u201cI\u201d INF for proximal phalanx fractures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15589447261476242","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T01:15:21Z","timestamp":1787793321000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Proximal Phalanx Intramedullary Fixation Configurations: A Comparative Biomechanical Cadaveric Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-7046-5794","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adam","family":"Peszek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6313-7616","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evan H.","family":"Richman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dylan R.","family":"Rakowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-7777-4226","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Riley","family":"Kahan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hunter","family":"Wittholt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Todd","family":"Baldini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5889-0558","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Lauder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, USA"},{"name":"Denver Health Medical Center, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3496-6869","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew","family":"Belton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jhsu.2001.26322"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0000000000000312"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0266-7681(03)00103-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GOX.0000000000004455"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-200003000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1558944717735947"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00113-008-1438-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0363-5023(84)80023-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1558944716628498"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2014.05.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2012.04.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-D-22-00595"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2023.01.026"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2022.04.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1558944716628485"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ilar.43.4.207"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","unstructured":"Acumed LLC. 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