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But transforming growth factor \u03b23 (TGF-\u03b23) is an essential growth factor for palatogenesis. This study is to clarify effects of TCDD and TGF-\u03b23 in mouse embryonic palatal mesenchymal (MEPM) cells. The result showed that with increase of TCDD (0.5 nM-10 nM), the expression of TGF-\u03b23 increased, but after 10 nM TCDD, the expression of TGF-\u03b23 reduced. The viabilities of MEPM cells decreased in 10 nM TCDD-treated group. But the viabilities increased in 10 ng\/mL TGF-\u03b23-treated group, or the viabilities were between that of them in combination of 10 nM TCDD and 10 ng\/mL TGF-\u03b23-treated group. This phenomenon was the same as the motilities. In addition, we found that the expression of phosphorylated Smad2\/3 and Smad7 was increased by 10 nM TCDD, 10 ng\/mL TGF-\u03b23, or combination of 10 nM TCDD and 10 ng\/mL TGF-\u03b23 induced, but the expression of Smad4 was decreased. 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