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Thus, the present study investigated melatonin\u2019s mitigating effect against radiation-induced alteration in the ovaries and reproductive hormones in female albino rats. Methods: Melatonin (10\u00a0mg\/kg body weight, i. p.) was administered to the animals for 7, 11, and 15 days after whole-body exposure to 4\u00a0Gy \u03b3-radiation. Results: The results demonstrated that melatonin has significantly attenuated the radiation-induced oxidative stress in the ovary, manifested by a decrease in protein carbonyl and malondialdehyde in conjunction with an increase in total antioxidant capacity. In addition, melatonin has alleviated the radiation-induced increase of the pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrotic factor alpha, interleukin-6, interleukin-1 beta) and caspase-3 levels in the serum. These results were accompanied by a noticeable improvement in serum E2-estradiol, testosterone, progesterone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone compared to their respective levels in the irradiated group. Conclusion: It could be concluded that melatonin is an effective agent for minimizing the deleterious impacts of radiation on the ovaries and reproductive hormones through synergistic interdependence between anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic activities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/15593258251323796","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,4]],"date-time":"2025-03-04T13:14:38Z","timestamp":1741094078000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["The Mitigating Effect of Melatonin Against Radiation-Induced Inflammation and Disturbance of Reproductive Hormones in Female Albino Rats"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Shereen M.","family":"Shedid","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiation Biology Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority Cairo, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8929-2278","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nahed","family":"Abdel-Aziz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiation Biology Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority Cairo, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatma R.","family":"Algeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiation Biology Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority Cairo, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen N.","family":"Saada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiation Biology Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority Cairo, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-15593258251323796","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2022.05.011"},{"key":"bibr2-15593258251323796","first-page":"1","volume":"35","author":"Hammad AS","year":"2022","journal-title":"Egypt J Rad Sci Applic"},{"key":"bibr3-15593258251323796","first-page":"355","volume":"1","author":"Abdel-Fattah KI","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Nucl Tech Appl Sci"},{"key":"bibr4-15593258251323796","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jrras.2015.03.003"},{"key":"bibr5-15593258251323796","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-022-19976-4"},{"key":"bibr6-15593258251323796","volume-title":"Current Topics in Ionizing Radiation Research","author":"El-Missiry MA","year":"2012"},{"key":"bibr7-15593258251323796","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox9111088"},{"key":"bibr8-15593258251323796","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2016.00038"},{"issue":"4","key":"bibr9-15593258251323796","first-page":"693","volume":"65","author":"Osadchuk MA","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Chem"},{"key":"bibr10-15593258251323796","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/ijmm.2021.4880"},{"key":"bibr11-15593258251323796","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpi.12965"},{"key":"bibr12-15593258251323796","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/09603271221127430"},{"key":"bibr13-15593258251323796","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2020.01.018"},{"key":"bibr14-15593258251323796","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.26444\/aaem\/112837"},{"key":"bibr15-15593258251323796","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21165804"},{"key":"bibr16-15593258251323796","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40659-022-00401-6"},{"key":"bibr17-15593258251323796","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12929-022-00843-w"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr18-15593258251323796","first-page":"1","volume":"32","author":"Abdel Fattah SM","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. 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