{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T12:56:23Z","timestamp":1777553783294,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Dose-Response"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"\n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n In light of the growing problem of antibiotic resistance, it is imperative to investigate new sources, and plants offer a promising supply of bioactive chemicals. Because of its numerous uses in industry, health, and nutrition as well as its antibacterial qualities,\n Cannabis sativa<\/jats:italic>\n (\n C.sativa<\/jats:italic>\n ) has garnered a lot of study interest. This study sought to determine whether ethanolic extracts from\n C.sativa<\/jats:italic>\n leaves have antibacterial properties against six human pathogenic microorganisms.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methodology<\/jats:title>\n \n The antibacterial activity of\n C.sativa<\/jats:italic>\n ethanolic extract was tested against six bacteria according to design of experiments made by Agar diffusion method accompanied by response surface method (RSM) of Minitab 17 software. The different combinations set were, concentration: 5.0, 7.5, and 10.0, pH: 5.0, 6.5, 8.0 and temperature: 35\u00b0C, 37.5\u00b0C, 40\u00b0C. By using RSM, maximum antibacterial activity has been checked for ethanolic extract of\n C.sativa<\/jats:italic>\n against six bacteria by choosing three independent variables, temperature, pH, and concentration. In in-Silico studies, homology, threading approach, structure prediction, ligands designing and docking studies was performed against the antimicrobial target sequences for Beta-Lactamase, GABA Receptor, Lipoteichoic Acid, N-Acetylglucosamine (NAG), Peptidoglycan and Topoisomerase-IV through FASTA format from UniProt for structure prediction.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n The results indicated that the three concentrations were effective against tested bacteria. Moreover, effect of pH caused a significant variation in zone of inhibition. The graphs presented in this study indicate the highest zone of inhibition for plant extract; have been achieved at concentration of 10.0, pH 5.1 and temperature 37.5\u00b0C. It shows that by keeping the pH low, antibacterial activity will increase. Through the multiple regression analysis on the experimental data, the fitted regression model for the response variable and the test variable x\n 1<\/jats:sub>\n , x\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n , x\n 3<\/jats:sub>\n are correlated by the second order polymeric equation.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n \n It has been concluded that\n C.sativa<\/jats:italic>\n can be considered as an effective drug in curing diseases caused by bacteria. Using the optimized values of temperature and pH analyzed in this experiment.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15593258251404067","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]],"date-time":"2025-11-26T17:13:00Z","timestamp":1764177180000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["RSM-Based Optimization of Dose Response and Antibacterial Potential of\n Cannabis sativa<\/i>\n (L.) Leaves Using Computational Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8556-4793","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Zahid","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Lahore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sampath","family":"Chinnam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"M.S. Ramaiah Institute of Technology"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Asma","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Lahore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Syed Muzzammil","family":"Masaud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Riphah International University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beenish","family":"Khurshid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Abdul Wali Khan University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saira","family":"Farman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Abdul Wali Khan University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sana","family":"Rashid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Lahore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fatima","family":"Zahid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Riphah International University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00334-019-00731-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3897\/phytokeys.144.46700"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.energyfuels.0c04121"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/plants10020400"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ph15101228"},{"issue":"60","key":"e_1_3_7_7_2","first-page":"20710","article-title":"In-silico analysis of effects of stevia extracts on diabetes","volume":"10","author":"Bhadra P","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bhadra P. In-silico analysis of effects of stevia extracts on diabetes. Indian J Nat Sci. 2020;10(60):20710-20719.","journal-title":"Indian J Nat Sci"},{"issue":"60","key":"e_1_3_7_8_2","first-page":"20662","article-title":"In silico analysis targeted therapy for gastric cancer","volume":"10","author":"Bhadra PC","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bhadra PC. In silico analysis targeted therapy for gastric cancer. Indian JNat Sci. 2020;10(60):20662-20669.","journal-title":"Indian JNat Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S291579"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcme.2021.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12551-016-0247-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molstruc.2021.130554"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/bjbs.2023.11387"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molstruc.2020.128527"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2006.02.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.46793\/ChemN3.1.171I"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6026\/97320630014574"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_7_18_2","first-page":"577","article-title":"Molecular docking studies for the evaluation of cannabinoids as multi-target inhibitor for type 2 diabetes","volume":"4","author":"Guy RT","year":"2025","unstructured":"Guy RT, Dupon BA, Shabnor I, et al. Molecular docking studies for the evaluation of cannabinoids as multi-target inhibitor for type 2 diabetes. Curr Tr Clin & Med Sci. 2025;4(1):577-592.","journal-title":"Curr Tr Clin & Med Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_19_2","volume-title":"Antimicrobial Resistance in Gram Positive and Gram Negative Bacteria Progress and Challenges","author":"Thakur D","year":"2008","unstructured":"Thakur D, Baishya M, Sarma B, et al. Antimicrobial Resistance in Gram Positive and Gram Negative Bacteria Progress and Challenges. North East Institute of Science &Technology; 2008."},{"key":"e_1_3_7_20_2","first-page":"21","article-title":"Palo Verde trees for the urban landscape","volume":"20","author":"Ursula K","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ursula K, Schuch J, Kelly J. Palo Verde trees for the urban landscape. Aridus. 2008;20:21.","journal-title":"Aridus"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.37285\/10.37285\/ijpsn.2008.1.1.4"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_7_22_2","first-page":"213","article-title":"Antibacterial activity of Black pepper (Piper nigrum Linn.) with special reference to its mode of action on bacteria","volume":"1","author":"Pavithra VK","year":"2008","unstructured":"Pavithra VK, Lakshmi OB. Antibacterial activity of Black pepper (Piper nigrum Linn.) with special reference to its mode of action on bacteria. Indian J Nat Prod Res. 2008;1(2):213-215.","journal-title":"Indian J Nat Prod Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_7_23_2","first-page":"547","article-title":"Manipulation of host membrane machinery by bacterial pathogens","volume":"22","author":"Pascale C","year":"2010","unstructured":"Pascale C, Craig RR. Manipulation of host membrane machinery by bacterial pathogens. Nat Inst Health. 2010;22(4):547-554.","journal-title":"Nat Inst Health"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1678-91992010000300006"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26237216"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24122302"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26134041"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2222-1808(15)60953-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox12020219"}],"container-title":["Dose-Response"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15593258251404067","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/15593258251404067","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15593258251404067","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T18:03:03Z","timestamp":1777399383000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/15593258251404067"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/15593258251404067"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/15593258251404067","relation":{},"ISSN":["1559-3258","1559-3258"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1559-3258","type":"print"},{"value":"1559-3258","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"article-number":"15593258251404067"}}