{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,26]],"date-time":"2026-07-26T16:59:59Z","timestamp":1785085199007,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Dose-Response"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with limited disease-modifying therapies. Aluminium chloride (AlCl\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      )-induced neurotoxicity mimics key pathological features of AD, including oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and cholinergic dysfunction.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study aimed to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of cnicin in an AlCl\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      -induced rat model of Alzheimer-like neurodegeneration.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Rats were divided into five groups: normal control, AlCl\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      control (75 mg\/kg\/day, p.o.), AlCl\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      with cnicin (20 and 40 mg\/kg\/day, p.o.), and AlCl\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      with donepezil (5 mg\/kg\/day, p.o.) for 30 days. Behavioral performance was assessed using hanging wire and beam walking tests. Biochemical parameters, including acetylcholinesterase (AChE), antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), and inflammatory cytokines (TNF-\u03b1, IL-1\u03b2) were analyzed, along with histopathology.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      AlCl\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      administration induced significant behavioral deficits, increased AChE activity, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and neuronal damage. Cnicin treatment dose-dependently improved motor function, reduced AChE activity, restored antioxidant levels, decreased lipid peroxidation, and suppressed inflammatory markers. Histological analysis confirmed preservation of neuronal architecture, comparable to that of donepezil.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Cnicin exhibits significant neuroprotective effects against AlCl\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      -induced neurodegeneration by modulating cholinergic activity, oxidative stress, and inflammation, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent for AD.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15593258261471150","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T10:10:24Z","timestamp":1784887824000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cnicin Attenuates Aluminium Chloride\u2013Induced Neurodegeneration Through Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Mechanisms"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Li","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Qingdao Municipal Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wardah A.","family":"Alhoqail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Majmaah University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suresh","family":"Mickymaray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Majmaah University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-6135-2657","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_6_2_2","first-page":"2937","article-title":"The Expanding Burden of Neurodegenerative Diseases: An Unmet Medical and Social Need","volume":"16","author":"Wang S","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang S, Jiang Y, Yang A, Meng F, Zhang J. 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