{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T12:38:15Z","timestamp":1777639095140,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4_suppl2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,10,1]],"date-time":"2003-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1064966400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Food Nutr Bull"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The importance of micronutrient deficiencies or \u201chidden hunger\u201d was clearly emphasized by the inclusion of specific goals on iron, vitamin A, and iodine deficiency at the 1990 World Summit for Children and other major international nutrition conferences. Significant progress has since been made toward eliminating vitamin A and iodine deficiencies, with less progress made toward reducing the burden of iron-deficiency anemia. The role of international agencies, such as the World Health Organization, United Nations Children's Fund, Food and Agricultural Organization, and World Bank in assisting countries to make progress toward the World Summit for Children goals has been very important. International agencies have played a critical role in advocating for and raising awareness of these issues at the international, regional, and national levels among policymakers and the general population. Using a rights-based approach, UNICEF and other agencies have been instrumental in elevating to the highest political level the discussion of every child's right to adequate nutrition. International agencies have also been very supportive at the national level in providing technical guidance for programs, including monitoring and evaluation. These agencies have played a critical role in engaging the cooperation of other partners, including bilateral donors, non-governmental organizations, and the private sector for micronutrient programs. Furthermore, international agencies provide financial and material support for micronutrient programs. In the future, such agencies must continue to be heavily involved in programs to achieve the newly confirmed goals for 2010.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>The present paper focuses on the role of international agencies in combating micronutrient deficiencies, drawing on the lessons learned over the last decade. The first section of the paper summarizes the progress achieved since 1990, and the second section describes the specific role of international agencies in contributing to that progress.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/15648265030244s203","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,25]],"date-time":"2015-11-25T16:17:34Z","timestamp":1448468254000},"page":"S69-S77","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Combating Hidden Hunger: The Role of International Agencies"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Nita","family":"Dalmiya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Werner","family":"Schultink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-15648265030244S203","volume-title":"World declaration on the survival, protection and development of Children","author":"UNICEF","year":"1990"},{"key":"bibr2-15648265030244S203","volume-title":"International Conference on Nutrition","author":"FAO","year":"1992"},{"key":"bibr3-15648265030244S203","volume-title":"Goals for children and development in the 1990s","author":"UNICEF","year":"1990"},{"key":"bibr4-15648265030244S203","volume-title":"Convention on the rights of the child, 1989: Statistical update","author":"UNICEF","year":"2002"},{"key":"bibr5-15648265030244S203","first-page":"443","volume":"73","author":"Pelletier DL","year":"1995","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"bibr6-15648265030244S203","unstructured":"The micronutrient report: Current progress and trends in the control of vitamin A, iodine and iron deficiencies. Ottawa: Micronutrient Initiative, 2001."},{"key":"bibr7-15648265030244S203","volume-title":"Consensus of an informal technical consultation convened by UNICEF, in association with the Micronutrient Initiative, WHO, CIDA, and USAID, 17\u201318 December","author":"Vitamin A global initiative: A strategy for acceleration of progress in combating vitamin A deficiency","year":"1998"},{"key":"bibr8-15648265030244S203","volume-title":"Progress since the World Summit for Children: A statistical review","author":"UNICEF","year":"2001"},{"key":"bibr9-15648265030244S203","volume-title":"State of the world's children report","author":"UNICEF","year":"1998"},{"key":"bibr10-15648265030244S203","volume-title":"Global prevalence of iodine deficiency disorders, MDIS working paper #1","author":"WHO","year":"1993"},{"key":"bibr11-15648265030244S203","volume-title":"Report of the Joint Committee on Health Policy (JCHP)","author":"WHO","year":"1993"},{"key":"bibr12-15648265030244S203","volume-title":"We\u2014the children. Meeting the promises of the World Summit for Children","author":"Annan KA","year":"2001"},{"key":"bibr13-15648265030244S203","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"UNICEF country reports from Guatemala and Bolivia, 2002.","DOI":"10.5089\/9781451980882.002"},{"key":"bibr14-15648265030244S203","unstructured":"UNICEF supply division statistics, 1998."},{"key":"bibr15-15648265030244S203","volume-title":"The prevalence of anaemia in women: A tabulation of available information","author":"WHO","year":"1992"},{"key":"bibr16-15648265030244S203","unstructured":"UNICEF. Multiple indicator cluster survey for China, 1999."},{"key":"bibr17-15648265030244S203","volume-title":"The micronutrient initiative, Ottawa, Facsimile 14 Oct 1997: State of the world's children report","author":"UNICEF","year":"1998"},{"key":"bibr18-15648265030244S203","unstructured":"Convention on the Rights of the Child. Available at: http:\/\/www.unicef.org\/crc\/crc.htm. Accessed March 4, 2003."}],"container-title":["Food and Nutrition Bulletin"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15648265030244S203","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15648265030244S203","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T06:13:16Z","timestamp":1777443196000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/15648265030244S203"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,10]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4_suppl2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/15648265030244S203"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/15648265030244s203","relation":{},"ISSN":["0379-5721","1564-8265"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0379-5721","type":"print"},{"value":"1564-8265","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,10]]}}}