{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,15]],"date-time":"2026-11-15T03:07:51Z","timestamp":1794712071537,"version":"4.9.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,1]],"date-time":"2005-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1104537600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Food Nutr Bull"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Food-based nutrition interventions, including kitchen gardens and nutrition education, offer a potentially sustainable approach to reducing multiple nutritional deficiencies, but they have been poorly evaluated in developing countries. In a poor region of the terai (the flat, subtropical agricultural region that borders on India) in rural Nepal, we developed and evaluated the impact of a nutrition program added to the Market Access for Rural Development (MARD) Project. The primary objective of the MARD Project was to augment household income by increasing the production of high-economic-value crops. The objective of the nutrition program was to increase vitamin A and iron intakes by promoting kitchen gardens (training, technical assistance, and seed distribution) and nutrition education. One-third of the kitchen-garden program participants also attended nutrition education or agricultural training sessions that were part of the MARD Project. The program was evaluated after 36 months by a cross-sectional nutrition survey in 430 MARD households with kitchen gardens and 389 non-MARD control households. The lack of knowledge about nutrition, including the causes, prevention, and treatment of night-blindness and anemia, was remarkable. However, compared with control households, the kitchen-gardens group had significantly more nutrition knowledge (38% vs. 13% knew one of the causes of night-blindness, and 17% vs. 3% knew one of the causes of anemia), were more likely to feed special complementary foods to infants and to preserve food, and consumed more of 16 types of home-produced micronutrient-rich vegetables and fruits. Although the cross-sectional nature of the study limits our ability to attribute these differences to the program, we observed a striking lack of nutrition knowledge in these communities, and a clear opportunity to increase the intake of vitamin A through home production of vitamin A\u2013rich plants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/156482650502600204","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,25]],"date-time":"2015-11-25T15:52:12Z","timestamp":1448466732000},"page":"198-208","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Nutrition Knowledge and Practices, and Consumption of Vitamin A\u2013Rich Plants by Rural Nepali Participants and Nonparticipants in a Kitchen-Garden Program"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Katharine M.","family":"Jones","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Davis, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheila E.","family":"Specio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Davis, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parvati","family":"Shrestha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Davis, California, USA."},{"name":"Nutrition Specialist in the Market Access for Rural Development (MARD) Project."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth H.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Davis, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lindsay H.","family":"Allen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Davis, California, USA."},{"name":"USDA-Western Human Nutrition Research Center, University of California, Davis."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-156482650502600204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/156482659201400116"},{"key":"bibr2-156482650502600204","volume-title":"What works? A review of the efficacy and effectiveness of nutrition interventions. ACC\/SCN Nutrition Policy Paper No. 19.","author":"Allen L.H.","year":"2001"},{"key":"bibr3-156482650502600204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1301\/00296640260130803"},{"key":"bibr4-156482650502600204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/heapol\/15.2.145"},{"key":"bibr5-156482650502600204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/026010600101500413"},{"key":"bibr6-156482650502600204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a117724"},{"key":"bibr7-156482650502600204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/62.1.143"},{"key":"bibr8-156482650502600204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/45.5.970"},{"key":"bibr9-156482650502600204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/22.7.858"},{"key":"bibr10-156482650502600204","first-page":"645","volume":"20","author":"Bittenbender H.C.","year":"1985","journal-title":"Horticult Sci"},{"key":"bibr11-156482650502600204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03670244.1981.9990675"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr12-156482650502600204","first-page":"S62","volume":"50","author":"Bloem M.W.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"bibr13-156482650502600204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/156482659801900106"},{"key":"bibr14-156482650502600204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/35.3.574"},{"key":"bibr15-156482650502600204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/23.1.110"},{"key":"bibr16-156482650502600204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/156482650002100434"},{"key":"bibr17-156482650502600204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/68.5.1068"},{"key":"bibr18-156482650502600204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1600724"},{"key":"bibr19-156482650502600204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/156482650202300206"},{"key":"bibr20-156482650502600204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.3.705"},{"key":"bibr21-156482650502600204","first-page":"389","volume":"68","author":"de Pee S.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int J Vitam Nutr Res"},{"key":"bibr22-156482650502600204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/156482659001200122"},{"key":"bibr23-156482650502600204","unstructured":"HaskellM., ShresthaP., ManadharD., JonesK. 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Kathmandu, Nepal: MARD\/Lumbini-Gandaki Technical Report, 1999: 33."},{"key":"bibr25-156482650502600204","volume-title":"Food consumption and nutrition baseline and impact assessment survey for Rapti and Bheri zones.","author":"Dahal B.","year":"1996"},{"key":"bibr26-156482650502600204","first-page":"2577","volume":"36","author":"Katz J.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"}],"container-title":["Food and Nutrition Bulletin"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/156482650502600204","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/156482650502600204","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T06:13:51Z","timestamp":1777443231000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/156482650502600204"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,1]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/156482650502600204"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/156482650502600204","relation":{},"ISSN":["0379-5721","1564-8265"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0379-5721","type":"print"},{"value":"1564-8265","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,1]]}}}