{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T13:06:40Z","timestamp":1790687200497,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,1]],"date-time":"2006-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1149120000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Food Nutr Bull"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Moderate malnutrition continues to affect 46% of children under five years of age and 47% of rural women in India. Women's lack of empowerment is believed to be an important factor in the persistent prevalence of malnutrition. In India, women's empowerment often varies by community, with tribes sometimes being the most progressive.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To explore the relationship between women's empowerment, maternal nutritional status, and the nutritional status of their children aged 6 to 24 months in rural and tribal communities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study in rural Karnataka, India, included tribal and rural subjects and used both qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection. Structured interviews with mothers were performed and anthropometric measurements were obtained for 820 mother\u2014child pairs. The data were analyzed by multivariate and logistic regression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Some degree of malnutrition was seen in 83.5% of children and 72.4% of mothers in the sample. Biological variables explained most of the variance in nutritional status, followed by health-care seeking and women's empowerment variables; socioeconomic variables explained the least amount of variance. Women's empowerment variables were significantly associated with child nutrition and explained 5.6% of the variance in the sample. Maternal experience of psychological abuse and sexual coercion increased the risk of malnutrition in mothers and children. Domestic violence was experienced by 34% of mothers in the sample.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In addition to the known investments needed to reduce malnutrition, improving women's nutrition, promoting gender equality, empowering women, and ending violence against women could further reduce the prevalence of malnutrition in this segment of the Indian population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/156482650602700204","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,25]],"date-time":"2015-11-25T15:49:51Z","timestamp":1448466591000},"page":"128-143","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":106,"title":["Women's Empowerment and Domestic Violence: The Role of Sociocultural Determinants in Maternal and Child Undernutrition in Tribal and Rural Communities in South India"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Kavita","family":"Sethuraman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Lansdown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keith","family":"Sullivan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-156482650602700204","volume-title":"National Family Health Survey (NFHS-2), 1998\u201399","author":"International Institute for Population Sciences, ORC Macro","year":"2000"},{"key":"bibr2-156482650602700204","first-page":"443","volume":"73","author":"Pelletier DL","year":"1995","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"bibr3-156482650602700204","first-page":"50","volume":"28","author":"Grantham-McGregor SM","year":"1997","journal-title":"South Asian J Trop Med Public Health"},{"key":"bibr4-156482650602700204","volume-title":"ACC\/SCN. 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Nutrition and poverty. Geneva: United Nations Administrative Committee on Coordination\/Standing Committee on Nutrition, 1997:23\u201351."},{"key":"bibr10-156482650602700204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/71.2.550"},{"key":"bibr11-156482650602700204","volume-title":"Early marriage: a harmful traditional practice. A statistical exploration","author":"United Nations Children Fund","year":"2005"},{"key":"bibr12-156482650602700204","volume-title":"Too young to wed: the lives, rights and health of young married girls","author":"Mathur S","year":"2003"},{"key":"bibr13-156482650602700204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1570-677X(02)00006-0"},{"key":"bibr14-156482650602700204","volume-title":"Women's rights and status: questions of analysis and measurement","author":"Gurumurthy A","year":"1998"},{"key":"bibr15-156482650602700204","volume-title":"The Status of women: indicators for twenty-five countries","author":"Kishor S","year":"1996"},{"key":"bibr16-156482650602700204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01115740"},{"key":"bibr17-156482650602700204","volume-title":"Measuring empowerment","author":"Malhotra A","year":"2005"},{"key":"bibr18-156482650602700204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1972894"},{"key":"bibr19-156482650602700204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(93)90241-U"},{"key":"bibr20-156482650602700204","first-page":"185","volume-title":"Gender, population and development","author":"Sharriff A","year":"1998"},{"key":"bibr21-156482650602700204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/452408"},{"key":"bibr22-156482650602700204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/25.3.585"},{"key":"bibr23-156482650602700204","volume-title":"Explaining child malnutrition in developing countries: a cross-country analysis","author":"Smith L","year":"1999"},{"key":"bibr24-156482650602700204","volume-title":"Mother's employment and infant and child mortality in India","author":"Kishor S","year":"1998"},{"key":"bibr25-156482650602700204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1177\/156482659101300128","volume":"13","author":"Abbi R","year":"1991","journal-title":"Food Nutr Bull"},{"key":"bibr26-156482650602700204","first-page":"99","volume-title":"A home divided: women and income in the Third World","author":"Mencher J","year":"1988"},{"key":"bibr27-156482650602700204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(93)90160-6"},{"key":"bibr28-156482650602700204","volume-title":"The importance of women's status for child nutrition in developing countries","author":"Smith L","year":"2003"},{"key":"bibr29-156482650602700204","first-page":"323","volume":"18","author":"Merchant SM","year":"1997","journal-title":"Food Nutr Bull"},{"key":"bibr30-156482650602700204","first-page":"10","volume":"81","author":"Asling-Monemi K","year":"2003","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"bibr31-156482650602700204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/172276"},{"key":"bibr32-156482650602700204","first-page":"98","volume-title":"Empowering survivors of abuse","author":"Curry M","year":"1998"},{"key":"bibr33-156482650602700204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a010074"},{"key":"bibr34-156482650602700204","volume-title":"Impact of investments in female education on gender equality","author":"Malhotra A","year":"2003"},{"key":"bibr35-156482650602700204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2137632"},{"key":"bibr36-156482650602700204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(94)90349-2"},{"key":"bibr37-156482650602700204","volume-title":"Domestic violence in India: a summary report of three studies","author":"Visaria L","year":"1999"},{"key":"bibr38-156482650602700204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1077801298004003002"},{"key":"bibr39-156482650602700204","first-page":"55","volume-title":"Women's health in India: risk and vulnerability","author":"Kumar AS","year":"1995"},{"key":"bibr40-156482650602700204","volume-title":"Soliga: the tribe and its stride","author":"Vivekananda Girijana Kalyana Kendra","year":"1990"},{"key":"bibr41-156482650602700204","volume-title":"Status of rural women in Karnataka","author":"Batliwala S","year":"1998"},{"key":"bibr42-156482650602700204","volume-title":"Survey research methods","author":"Babbie E","year":"1990"},{"key":"bibr43-156482650602700204","volume-title":"Putting women first: ethical and safety recommendations for research on domestic violence against women","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2001"},{"key":"bibr44-156482650602700204","unstructured":"Institute for Social and Economic Change, International Institute for Population Sciences. 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