{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T12:52:19Z","timestamp":1777639939743,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2_suppl1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,1]],"date-time":"2008-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1212278400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Food Nutr Bull"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Folate and vitamin B\n                    <jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub>\n                    deficiencies represent important and evolving global health challenges that contribute to the global burden of anemia, neurologic conditions, neurodevelopmental disorders, and birth defects. We present a review of population-based programs designed to increase consumption of folates and vitamin B\n                    <jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>A folic acid supplementation program targeting couples prior to marriage in China has led to optimal consumption of supplements containing folic acid and a significant reduction of neural tube defects (NTD). Supplementation programs that use mass community education show some promise, but have not been shown to be as effective as targeted education. The success of supplementation programs hinges on a strong and persistent educational component and access to the supplements.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Fortification with folic acid has been shown to reduce the prevalence of NTD in the countries where it has been implemented. Challenges to fortification programs include identifying the appropriate delivery vehicles, setting the optimal fortification level, sustaining the quality assurance of the fortification level, and addressing regulatory challenges and trade barriers of commercially fortified flours.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Supplementation and fortification are cost-effective and viable approaches to reducing the burden of NTD, anemia, and other conditions resulting from folate deficiency. The experience with interventions involving folic acid could provide a model for the subsequent development of supplementation and fortification programs involving vitamin B\n                    <jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/15648265080292s122","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,25]],"date-time":"2015-11-25T16:07:40Z","timestamp":1448467660000},"page":"S188-S195","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Review of Interventions for the Prevention and Control of Folate and Vitamin B\n                    <sub>12<\/sub>\n                    Deficiencies"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Jos\u00e9 F.","family":"Cordero","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ann","family":"Do","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R. J.","family":"Berry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-15648265080292S122","volume-title":"Dietary reference intakes for thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, pantothenic acid, biotin, and choline","author":"Institute of Medicine","year":"1998"},{"key":"bibr2-15648265080292S122","first-page":"513","volume":"40","author":"Centers for Disease Control","year":"1991","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"bibr3-15648265080292S122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/156482659801900202"},{"key":"bibr4-15648265080292S122","volume-title":"Fortification handbook, vitamin and mineral fortification of wheat flour and maize meal","author":"Wesley A","year":"2005"},{"key":"bibr5-15648265080292S122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02828115"},{"key":"bibr6-15648265080292S122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.326.7383.277"},{"key":"bibr7-15648265080292S122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/15648265080292S123"},{"key":"bibr8-15648265080292S122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S152","DOI":"10.1301\/nr.2005.dec.S77-S80","volume":"63","author":"Cavalli-Sforza T","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nutr Rev"},{"key":"bibr9-15648265080292S122","first-page":"1","volume":"51","author":"Erickson JD","year":"2002","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"key":"bibr10-15648265080292S122","first-page":"955","volume":"54","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2005","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"bibr11-15648265080292S122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3016.2003.00497.x"},{"key":"bibr12-15648265080292S122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/15648265080292S125"},{"key":"bibr13-15648265080292S122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-3797(03)00097-7"},{"key":"bibr14-15648265080292S122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38336.664352.82"},{"key":"bibr15-15648265080292S122","first-page":"8781","volume":"61","author":"US Food and Drug Administration","year":"1996","journal-title":"Federal Register"},{"key":"bibr16-15648265080292S122","volume-title":"Regulations amending the Food and Drug Regulations (1066)","author":"Government of Canada","year":"1998"},{"key":"bibr17-15648265080292S122","first-page":"18","volume-title":"Dietary reference intakes. Guiding principles for nutrition labeling and fortification","author":"Institute of Medicine","year":"2003"},{"key":"bibr18-15648265080292S122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0308-8146(00)00116-3"},{"key":"bibr19-15648265080292S122","volume-title":"USDA food composition data","author":"US Department of Agriculture","year":"2005"},{"key":"bibr20-15648265080292S122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jf0494736"},{"key":"bibr21-15648265080292S122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/15648265080292S128"},{"key":"bibr22-15648265080292S122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/133.10.3166"},{"key":"bibr23-15648265080292S122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1301\/nr.2004.jun.S40-S43"},{"key":"bibr24-15648265080292S122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001648-200203000-00026"},{"key":"bibr25-15648265080292S122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/82.2.442"},{"key":"bibr26-15648265080292S122","first-page":"362","volume":"53","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2004","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"bibr27-15648265080292S122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-0592"},{"key":"bibr28-15648265080292S122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/15648265080292S127"},{"key":"bibr29-15648265080292S122","first-page":"241","volume":"167","author":"Persad VL","year":"2002","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"bibr30-15648265080292S122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)11994-5"},{"key":"bibr31-15648265080292S122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.10124"},{"key":"bibr32-15648265080292S122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03405331"},{"key":"bibr33-15648265080292S122","unstructured":"Hertrampf E. 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